旧托福听力mp3及脚本——《第三十五天》（2002年9月）

对话听写训练1：
/ H/ B3 E2 m: C9 l6 T7 i# X [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]
" E' s! ~( x% xwww.xiaomaguohe.netW: Hi, Mark, I didn’t know you could paint.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区0 Z" W) _6 S; d2 M" h
M: Well, I’m just learning. It’s for my studio art 101 class.
* K2 j# s. }' S1 D  N小马过河W: It’s pretty good for a beginner.www.xiaomaguohe.net3 d5 g* v5 D/ R0 H7 p/ m0 C* l
M: Oh thanks, Judy. The instructor really liked my sketches, but she hasn’t seen my painting yet.www.xiaomaguohe.net% d! F# H- i. k% M& [( }+ S
W: En, there seems to be something wrong with it though.& I8 ~; e( n" F% s
M: Yeah, I know what you mean. It doesn’t look right to me either.TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外3 l2 G$ P' }9 A9 |# O, I$ Z
W: I think I know, look here at the sky, it doesn’t seem to fit in with other colors of the painting.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区* h+ d. a( F$ V0 U" Q0 Y7 @
M: What do you mean? Everyone knows the sky is blue.
" r: s. f' R, ]- e# Y小马过河W: Well, that depends. Sometime it is and sometimes it isn’t, At sunset it can be full of reds and purples. Well, even now, look up now Mark , what do you see?TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外& q3 l# t3 {6 N$ b
M: It looks blue to me.TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外0 j  U( Y5 h* U3 i0 _) Q7 p
W: Look again. Do you see a kind of tanish color?小马过河3 z) Z- Q  _8 i) @# H. S( a
M: Oh yeah, I see what you mean. [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]+ ^" L! s; G7 M1 ]2 P$ `- s
W: By adding some tan to your sky, I think you’ll get a more actual picture, and the color will look more natural.
' P: R7 X% R- V. ZM: I think I’ll try that. Gee, how do you get to know so much about paining? Have you taken lots of courses?小马过河7 B8 @0 W: a( u0 t' I, a
W: No, actually. But my father is an artist.
. }+ ]" s7 @4 Z小马过河M: A professional artist?
: K- _$ m3 A6 O# f; t5 C  V. |W: Oh yeah. He’s shown his stuff in lots of exhibits. Ever since when we were kids; he always talked to us about his work.( [5 L! P7 \% y% S2 Y" |
M: I wish we could talk some more Judy. How about going for a cup of coffee? I’m ready for a break.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区) V, `" C5 f: ?. e% ?% a4 v& x* x
W: I’d love to. But I have to study for a history exam. In fact, I was just on my way to the study group, and I think I am already late. Maybe tomorrow? [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]( u; c. n% J. ~
M: Great, I’ll meet you at the students’ center after my class a little after three, OK?www.xiaomaguohe.net* U1 L4 r- t: F, @+ `
W: Sounds good. Got to run now.
1 y$ h. W% ~0 F2 R7 V" F3 S- s( nTOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外M: Bye Judy.小马过河9 n( Z+ r. R# }( n  E  f- T; O

# V. @2 r7 n3 d4 E; l  X4 x [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区] [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]3 \  n; r% A3 S2 N8 w+ w* I" ?1 S
对话听写训练2：
, ~3 o- Y3 T1 v' c2 Q [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]M: Hey Teresa! Thanks for agreeing to help me review all this history material.www.xiaomaguohe.net, B9 Y9 d$ I( D5 r: U
W: No problem, Bob. So do you want to start with the stuff you missed yesterday? The part about urban problems in the colonial period?
( a1 V# H2 d# l  @  U/ Q+ x& oTOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外M: Yeah, that’ll be great.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区! ~- ]! r# g, ^. o2 g
W: Ok. Well, when the British were building cities in American colonies, they had to figure out how to make the cities run smoothly, right? Like…take traffic for instance.小马过河- D9 W. H( c, ~) j
M: Traffic? They had traffic back then? [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]: `8 A! w( _. p! L& h
W: Well, not the same kind of traffic cities have today. Back in the 18th centenary there were not any automobiles like there are now. But there were other vehicles like coaches and carts, you know, the kind that had to be pulled along by horses say. Only a few people could afford to have their own coaches then. But there were more and more public coaches. And carts, they were a big problem, ‘cause car driver usually overloaded their carts. And these oversize clumsy carts would slow down the traffic, and when you add to that all the farm animals.
/ n2 \! }6 ^. o$ e8 t9 O+ N! K- Z+ HTOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外M: Farm animals? In the cities?
; z* D$ ~6 Q( Z3 c小马过河W: Lots of them, cattle, pigs and other live stock roam in the streets. And they really caused trouble, although the pigs at least had good reasons for being there.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区  h% V, x5 w+ J/ q3 T
M: They did?
5 X, a$ O6 Y7 D  h8 n- Fwww.xiaomaguohe.netW: Yeah, the town’s people used pigs to clean up the garbage that was thrown into the streets. But then the pig interfered with traffic.
1 y$ }) n5 O/ k. n8 j [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]M: So what do the colonists do?小马过河1 d' k' \: o) d: V( ^
W: Well, they passed traffic laws. Like one that said, if your animals were found wondering in the streets, they could be seized. Of course people who owned pigs didn’t want to keep them penned up because the pigs were so good at cleaning up the streets.
+ t. n- {* A3 q1 b [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]M: Sounds like a good idea letting them clean up the garbage. But I can see how pigs lying around in the streets could really slow down the traffic.www.xiaomaguohe.net! J0 Z% V+ H: Y, ^" ]
小马过河-新托福专业备考社区" m4 P% R5 ~! \

1 ~% n$ c/ n% g  ?7 U6 {* j [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]演讲听写训练1：www.xiaomaguohe.net* S- W- l9 i( T. j2 [) o" X, [
Not long ago, some of you may have read about the team of mountain climbing scientists who helped to recalculate the elevation of the highest mountain in the world, Mount Everest. Of course the elevation of Mount Everest was determined many years ago using traditional surveying methods. But these scientists wanted to make a more precise measurement, using a new method that takes advantage of recent a dvances in technology; it’s called the Global Positioning System. The Global Positioning System uses 24 satellites that circle the earth. Each of the satellites is constantly sending out signals, and each signal contains important information that can be used to determine the longitude, latitude and elevation at any point on the earth’s surface. Well, In order to use this system to calculate Mount  Everest’s elevation, scientists need to put a special receiver on its summit to receive signals from the satellites. The problem with this was that in the past, the receivers were much too heavy for climbers to carry. But now these receivers have been reduced to about the size and weight of a hand-held telephone, so climbers were able to take the receiver to the top of the Everest, and from there, to access the satellite system signals that would allow them to determine the precise elevation. And it turns out that the famous peak is actually a few feet higher than was previously thought.小马过河4 f* ?  f  B! ]! d

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3 e2 d# O. M1 j' j5 q& ?9 `/ o [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]演讲听写训练2：
1 L7 E$ s  @' k小马过河-新托福专业备考社区Human populations near the equator have evolved dark skin over many generations because of exposure to the fiercest rays of the sun. A similar phenomenon has also occurred in other parts of the animal kingdom. The African grass mouse is a good example. Most mice are nocturnal, but the African grass mouse is active during daylight hours. This means that it spends its days searching for food in the semi-dry bush in scrubby habitats of eastern and southern Africa. Its furry stripe’s like a chipmunk’s, which helps it blend in with its environment. Because it spends a lot of time in the intense tropical sun, the grass mouse has also evolved two separate safeguards against the sun’s ultraviolet radiation. First, like the population of humans in this region of the world, the skin of the grass mouse contains lots of melanin, or dark pigment. Second and quite unusual, this mouse has a layer of melanin-pigmented tissue between its skull and skin. This unique cap provides an extra measure of protection for the grass mouse and three other types of African mouse, like rodents that are active during the day. The only other species scientists has identified with the same sort of skull adaptation is the white tent-making bat of the Central American tropics. Although these bats sleep during the day, they do so curled up with their head exposed to the sun.
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TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外. `; x8 t0 ^% ^
演讲听写训练3：TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外* Z: X* L' ]( L8 z/ i! j0 W7 B
We are going to start today talking about congressional aides, that is, the people who work for our congressional representatives, both in Washington and in the representatives’ local districts. It used to be that members of Congress had a relatively small staff of people working for them, and role of these people wasn’t of primary importance. But now, there are thousands of congressional aides, and they’ve profoundly affected the way the whole government works. Congressional aides work in two different locations: one, in the congressional representative’s local offices, the districts from which they were elected, and two, in Washington. Staff in local offices help members of Congress stay in touch with citizens in their districts. These citizens can bring problems in, in person, or by mail or phone.
- J2 V( m3 l. l+ [7 X% nTOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外This personal connection between the aids and local people can be helpful, when the next election comes around. People remember the help they get from the office of their local congressional representative. But as you know members of the Congress have to spend most of their time in Washington taking care of their legislative duties. Over 6000 new laws are introduced in Congress each session. Without help, representatives would have trouble keeping up with proposed laws that directly affect their districts, so that’s why congressional aides play their major role in Washington: they keep their bosses informed about pending legislation, organizing hearings, and just keep their local congressional representatives up-to-date, and informed on what’s going on in other parts of Congress. Now, another thing congressional aides do is to help develop ideas for laws that their bosses can eventually propose to Congress, this can be called the staff’s entrepreneurial function, a bit like a business executive trying to find out what product is most popular. Congressional aides promote or encourage laws they think will be popular with the public. You’ve also got other employees that work for the whole Congress, not just for individual members. We’ll talk about these people next.