上午学校搞活动了,现在开工,做跟读一小时,补上昨天晚上的.

今天刚开始自己的备考日志～～4 ~9 X+ M; E& Q  k) K: a
希望自己能坚持

周六日去上口语课,王京竹老师的.两天没来了,现在开始听写

今天听了四篇.感觉注意力不集中.最近又惶惶不知所措了,好多事.晚上十二点后开电脑写篇作文.5 X" X# H1 E0 ]" _/ g. [
心理学第二篇& P  {+ J* m& M$ y3 X  I! D
Listen to a radio broadcast about sleep.
% o" v: S8 D' e$ a' Q- u; y# bDo you have trouble sleeping at night? Then maybe this is for you. When you worry about needing sleep and toss and turn trying to find a comfortable position, probably only making matters worse. What happens when you do that? Is that your heart rate actually increases, make it more difficulty to relax. You may also have some bad habits that contribute to the problem. Do you rest frequently during the day, do you get virtually no (known) exercise, or do you exercise strenuously late in the day. Are you preoccupied with sleep, or do you sleep late on weekends? Any or all of these factors might be leading to your insomnia by disrupted your body’s natural rhythm. What should you do then on those sleepless nights? Don’t bother with sleeping pills. They can actually cause worse insomnia later. The best thing to do is drink milk or eat cheese or tuna fish. These are all rich in amino acids and help produce a neurotransmitter in the brain that induces sleep. These neurotransmitter will help you relax, and you will be on your way to getting a good night’s sleep. Until tomorrow’s broadcast, this is another in the series H for good health
! l3 q6 a  ^5 ~2 c% A历史学第12篇
7 y: o2 S( G/ T! {) Z4 ~; WListen to part of a history lecture.
/ u8 ]: O. l/ m) |Last week we talked about Ann, a role of woman in P colonies. Today, I want to talk about some other women who’ve contributed to American history, some famous and (then) some not so famous. The first woman I’d like to talk about is MP. Those if you who are familiar with the name, may know her as a hero of the American Revolution. But in fact, there never was a woman named MP. Her real name was actually MRH. She got a nickname A for her actually bravery in during the Revolutionary War. As the story goes, when M’s or M’s husband J enlisted in the artillery, M followed, like many other wives did. She helped out doing washing and cooking for the soldiers. She was known as a pretty unusual woman. She smoked a pipe and chewed tobacco. Any way, in the summer of 1778, at the battle of M, it was a blistering hot day, may over 100 degrees, and fifty of soldier died of thirst during the battle. M wasn’t content to stay back at camp, instead, she run through gun shots and cannon fire, carrying water in pitchers from a small stream, out to the thirsty American soldiers. The relief that she brought with her pitchers of water gave her the legendary nick name, MP. The story also says that she continued to load and fire her husband’s after he was wounded. They say she was so well liked by the other soldiers that they called her Sergeant M. In fact, L has it that GW himself gave her the special military title. , [7 L  y5 Z4 G
生物学第五篇
: l: ?  e, t5 L: L! e2 a' mListen to part of a lecture in a zoology class.
, F3 _% d5 [9 B% l: s& ?+ q9 SBefore I tell you about the interesting discovery related to T, I need to review something we studied last semester, the difference between what are commonly called cold blooded and warm blooded animals. In warm blood animals birds and mammals for example, the body temperature normally stays with a narrow range, no matter what the outside temperature is. As a result, a warm blooded animal is usually active in both cold and hot weather, because its body temperature can adjust to the temperature of its environment. On the other hand, cold blooded animals such as most reptiles, amphibians and insects are unable to create enough heat internally to raise their temperature above temperature of the environment, so for example, the temperature of a cold blooded animal falls when the environment is cool. I hope the distinction is clear, now, move on to the T. You may know that dinosaurs being reptiles are generally believed to have been cold blooded. Well, a recent research study found that the chemical compositions of the bones of T was consistent with bones of the animal that a have very narrow range of the internal temperature, indicating that it was probably warm blooded. ; R! g3 }; J! m6 |/ B9 k+ Y% w
历史学第十三篇1 R- y0 b, Q# ]( A) Z7 M
Listen to a talk given at the beginning of a nature walk at a national park. 5 E% e4 g4 g' x1 Y  \
Welcome to Yellow Stone national park, before we begin our nature walk today, I’d like to give you a short history of our national park service. The national park service began in late 1900s. A small group of explorers had just completed a month long exploration of the region that is now Yellow Stone. They gather around the camp fire and after hours of discussion, they decided that they should not claim this land for themselves. They felt that it should be accessible to everyone. So they began the campaign to preserve this land for everyone’s enjoyment. 2 years later, in the late 19th century, an active congress signed by president UC proclaimed the Yellow Stone region a public park. It was the first national park in the world. After Yellow Stone become a public park, many other areas of great scenic importance were set aside, and in 1960s, the national park service was established to manage these parks. As the park ranger, I am an employee of the park service. In the national park, park rangers are on duties at all the time to answer questions and help visitor in any difficulty. Nature walks, guided tours and camp fire talks are offered by specially trained staff members. The park service also protects the animals and plant within the parks.

今天晚上下课回来才做的听写,听到现在,听了两篇多一点,中午写了一篇作文.
# K6 g" \& j6 T( N/ f3 G今天的听写:2 [. d8 Q0 q3 Y. O
地学第五篇部分4 w: u+ s& y0 e' @1 T) ], S5 {/ @
Listen to part of a talk in a geography class. & Q% B1 g6 V; Z' W
Not long ago, some of you may have read about a team of mountain climbing scientists who helped to recalculate the elevation of the highest mountain in the world the mountain A. Of course the elevation of the mountain A was determined many years ago, using traditional surveying methods. But these scientist wanted to make more precise measurement.: \. w. T5 U6 i- H- O; k
心理学第三篇6 H6 n. V. I1 Q2 f8 P( A  @
Listen to part of a lecture on child psychology.
+ _' v+ F* s7 {3 J' |) ]Today we are going to talk about shyness and discuss recent research on ways to help children learn to interact socially. Many people consider themselves shy. In fact 40% of the people who took part in our survey said they were shy, that two out of every five people. Under our study to indicate that the tendency towards shyness may be inherited, but just because certain children are timid, doesn’t mean they are doomed to be shy for ever. There are things parents teachers and the children themselves can do to overcome this tendency, or even to prevent it. One researcher found that if parents gently push their shy children to try new things, they can help these children become less afraid and less inhibited. Another way to help shy children is to train them in social skills. For example, there are special training groups where children are taught things looking at to other children while talking to them, talking about others people’s interests, or even smiling. These groups have been very successful at giving shy children a place to feel safe and accepted, and that building up their self-esteem.
- p! i- L2 D* f) S8 H8 q2 J% ]. b历史学第14篇
+ P' p9 r- Z0 xListen to a talk give by a history professor. . w5 Y4 H0 D' h$ f) K; L
I’m sure almost every one of you looked at your watch or at a clock before you came into class today. Watches or clocks seem as much a part of our lives as breathing or eating. And yet did you know that watches and clocks were scarce in the United States until 1850s. In the late 1700s, people didn’t know the exact time unless they were near a clock. Those delightful clocks in the squares of European towns were built for the public. After all, most citizens simply couldn’t afford a personal timepiece. Well into the 1800s in Europe and United States, the main purpose of a watch which by the way with off and on a gold-chain was to show others how wealthy you were. The word wristwatch didn’t even enter the English language until nearly 1900s. By then, the rapid pace of industrialization in the United States meant that measuring time had become essential. How could the factory worker get to work on time unless he or she knew exactly what time it was? Since efficiency was now measured on how fast the job was done, everyone was interested in time. And since the industrialization made possible the manufacture of large quantity of goods watches become fairly inexpensive. Furthermore, electric lights kept factories going around the clock, being on time had entered the language and life of every citizen.
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昨天晚上做了两篇朗文的阅读, 每篇都错五个题,郁闷得不行, 而且总是词汇问题,真是不知所措.. G1 x7 i, {* m( i* S* _: z
今天上午做两个段子的听力,都是朗文光盘上的.11个题错了两个. , U+ \9 b/ y3 g( s2 x" X+ a: N
今日听写, 老是记不住整句,听到后来的人体的甚至听不懂.容易受专业词汇影响
4 b$ P" `& M, {, K0 [6 D: ?- i4 Y接着昨天的地球科学7 M8 f! m+ X  i7 @5 u; ?- U9 j& l
But these scientists wanted to make more precise measurement, using a new method, and that takes advantages of recent advances of technology. It’s called the global positioning system. The global positioning system uses twenty-four satellites that circle the earth. Each of the satellites is constantly sending out signals. And each signal contains important information. They can be used to determine longitude, latitude, and elevation of any point on he earth surface. Well, in order to use this system to calculate mountain area’s elevation, scientists need to put special receiver on its summit to receive signals from satellites. The problem with this was that in the past the receivers were much too heavy for climbers to carry. But now these receivers have been reduce to about the size and weight of a handheld telephone. So climbers was able to take the receiver to the top of Everest, and from there, to access the satellite systems signals that was allow them to determine precise elevation, and it turns out that the famous peak (pig) is actually a few feet higher as they previously thought. 7 E, W- P# G0 J* B( ]
历史学第十五篇  p' F# ]' e, }' u/ ?- b
So, why did what is now called “modern dance” begin in the United State? To begin to answer this question, I need to backtrack a little bit and talk about the classic ballet. By the late 1800s, ballet had lost a lot of its popularity. Most of the ballet dancers who performed in the United States were brought over from Europe. They performed using the rigid techniques that have been passed down through the centuries. Audiences and dancers in United States were eager for their own contemporary dance form. And so, around 1900s, dancers created one. So how was this modern dance so different from the classical ballet? Well most notably, it wasn’t carefully choreographed. Instead, the dance depended on an improvisation and free personal expression of the dancers. Music and scenery were of little importance to the modern dance and lightness of movement wasn’t important either. In fact, modern dancers made no attempt at all to conceal the effort involved in the dance step. But even if improvisation appealed to audiences, many dance critics were less than enthusiastic about the performances. They question the artistic integrity of dancers who were not professionally trained, and the artistic values of works that had no formal structure. LF after performing Fire Dance was described as doing little more than turning round and round like a eggbeater. Yet the free personal expression of the pioneer dancers is the basis of the controlled freedom of modern dance today. 3 d5 g' f' {$ D! u1 |$ ~
生物学第六篇
  o1 Q' ?6 f$ @! A- b, k7 QThis room is devoted to an electric fish, and the eel in the tank behind me can produce a strong jolt of electricity to stun its prey, but most of the fish in here produce only weak electric impulses that are useful for navigating, locating food or even communicating. The nice fish is a good example. ) O, _' k, \. J! E; H5 K
This fish navigates using tiny receptors in the skin that are sensitive to electrical impulses. The N fish produces an electrical signal, and the receptors in its skin let it know when signal is distorted by a tree root or some other obstacle, so they can go around it. Fish also use the ability to produce and detect electrical impulses to communicate. They can tell each other what species they belong to, how big they are, and whether they are male or female. We have a tank here that specially equipped to convert the inaudible signals that fish produce into sounds you can hear when you put on the headphones. I urge you all to listen in when I’m done speaking. Now have a look at the electric rays. Rays are especially interesting to medical researchers because of the organs they use to produce electricity. These organs contain the medical that carry signals from one nerve ending to the next, not only in rays but also in people. By studying these organs, scientists hope to learn more about the diseases that interrupt transmission of impulses from one nerve to another. + {6 J4 D% O! y8 `
人体第四篇
: y$ P; `* n6 IListen to a psychologist talk about sleep problems.
: V+ ]9 j* T* W* A# FYou might think that most of the patients at sleep clinics are being treated for sleeplessness. Commonly refer to as insomnia, but that is not the case. The majority of sleep clinic patients suffer from disorders of excessive sleep or hypersomnia. While most insomniacs somehow manage to drag themselves through the day and function at acceptable, although not optimal, levels (15). This is not so for people who suffer from hypersomnia. They are incapacitated by irresistible urges to sleep during the day, often in inappropriate situations at business meetings, in supermarkets or parties. Even more dangerous, is their failure to remain awake when driving or operating machinery. Falling asleep in such situations could obviously be life threatening. Many hypersomniacs suffer from narcolepsy for which the primary symptom is excessive daytime sleepiness. Though not apparent in childhood, the symptom most often appears for the first time during the teen years and continues throughout a person’s life. The sleep attacks may occur as many as 15 to 50 times during the course of the day and last for periods from 15 minute up to two hours. What can be done to help those suffering from narcolepsy, there are certain drugs that can help, and specialist suggest of voluntary napping decrease the frequency of such a sleep attacks. 5 j5 ^$ g' d% a1 g" \9 i3 |

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历史类16
/ N0 e2 M9 D, L& d# B& vListen to the professor talk about an important person in film history. - b9 C+ H* h6 z" _: e
That’s an interesting question, Tom. Women did participate in the early days of motion picture making. One of the most outstanding is LW; she is credited as the first consistently successful women film director. Nearly the 1800s, when she first arrived in H, LW make series of experimental sound films. Now this was almost 20 years before modern talking pictures were developed. The dialogue for her movies was recorded on photograph records, and then synchronized with the action on the movie screen, very innovative for that time. In addition, W felt that movie should be educational as well as entertaining. She made several highly controversial movies that dealt with the morals and social issues of her day. And some of her most controversial work can addressed issues of particular interest of women. Unfortunately, W died in 1939, just as the Hollywood was beginning to make film and primarily at female audience. Which brings me to my next point.

心理学5
' q2 M9 w. X! Y2 I; h) oListen to a person on the radio talking about moods.
# j3 z# E+ `6 EDo you think you can catch a mood? A bad mood isn’t spread by virus like the flu is, but it can be contagious. Moods sort of drift from person to person unconsciously. Slight unintentional signals carry the mood. You have probably experienced yourself, you are around someone who is feeling done and showing it, slumped shoulders, downcast mouth and subdued voice all that sort of thing. Pretty soon you’ll begin to feel the press too. Of course, good moods are also catching not just bad (that) ones. Moods spread in steps. One person’s facial expression on whatever is observed by another, who then unconsciously began to mimic. The process is automatic, a split second mimicry. The person is even aware of the copying. A full-blown case of the mood transfer develops as this copying continues. Not everyone picks up moods to the same degree. Those who were most susceptible often have strong physiological responses what’s going on around them. You know people who break out in a nervous sweat
* N9 m9 i. m  G) T, neasily and whose' {) }( D" h9 a5 z
stomachs
& z) s3 p' v  w, J! v* X4 Rchurn. People don’t all send moods equally well either. The best mood senders are expressive people, because mood contagion can’t happen without signals. If they aren’t there, that is the person gives no indication of the mood they’re in. Nobody will pick up the mood. , R3 `- \9 B, Y2 _" ]- K- d# K" {
地学6
8 v0 }4 T7 x& l0 I* Z: s/ o; rListen to a talk in a geology class. , P& }( o! J: U& ?4 y
Now you have been reading articles about the tremendous damages done to life and property by earthquakes. That’s why seismologist has been working so hard to develop methods to the earthquake prediction. We can now predict earthquakes fairly well but the predictions are only located potential areas of danger. They don’t predict the specific time and location at which the earthquakes are likely to occur. Today, I want to introduce to you three of the prediction models that had been developed. The first prediction model looked along earthquake fault, those crack in the earth crust, to find what are know as seismic gaps. Seismic gaps are places where the fault had shown little or no seismic activities for a long time. This theory postulates that such places are due for a major shock. The second model relies on phenomena, like ground tilt. Using long slender tubes containing water, observers noted that ground tilt turned to occur before major earthquakes. That let them to correctly predict the big CHANG quake of 1975, the first successful earthquake prediction scientists ever made. A million people were evacuated from that Chinese city before the earthquake struck. Unfortunately, this method hasn’t work consistently, so we can’t say it’s been perfected. The third model is base on the theory that major earthquakes closely follow with a series of minor ones. Starting with the measurement and timing of smaller quakes, a complex formulate calculates times of increase probability of much larger quakes. Right now, this method, like the first method, can’t predict the specific times and places, but it may change as it further developed. For the moment, none of these models can predict with reasonable levels of confidence. 5 l- C; z! h! w5 ]( ~9 Q/ v1 M

生物第7
: z. n7 K7 z, B5 CListen to a lecture given by a biology professor. ) F) O8 ]+ ^9 K" v" @- R
Human populations near the equator have evolved dark skin over many generations because of the exposure to the fierce rays of the sun. A similar phenomenon has also occurred in other parts of the animal kingdom. The African grass mouse is a good example. Most mice are nocturnal, but an African grass mouse is activity in daylight hours. This means that they spend its days searching for food in the semidried bush and scrub habitats from eastern and southern African. Its fur is striped, like a chipmunk’s, which helps it blend in with its environment. Because it spends a lot of time in the intense tropical sun, the grass mouse has also revolved two separate safe guards against the sun’s ultraviolet radiation. First, like the populations of humans in this region of the world, the skin of the grass mouse contains lots of melanin or dark pigment. Second and quite unusual, this mouse has layer of melanin pigment tissue between its skull and skin. This unique cap provides extra measure of protection for the grass mouse, and three other types of African mouse like rodents that are active during the day. The only other species scientists have identified with the same sort of skull adaptation, is the white tent making bat of the Central American tropics. Although these bats sleep during the day, they do so curled up with their heads expose to the sun.% c  t& o" Y: g/ c7 V
历史第18# L9 S$ G* o# }- w% z
As you probably know, log structures are gaining in popularity. They are no longer just the simple country homes that we think of as the traditionally cabin. Some up-skilled homes now incorporate natural round logs in ceiling beings and walls. People seem to think the rounded logs give their homes a cozy warm atmosphere, and even people who want to build long traditional log cabin on the road, can buy a kit with precut log that fit together like piece of a jigsaw puzzle. Before showing you some slides of the modern log houses I’d like to give a little historical background on the subject. Log Ks were firstly build in late 1600s along the D river valley. The European immigrants who settled there brought centuries-old traditions of working with logs. And in this heavily wooded area, logs were the material at hand. Log cabins were most popular in the early 1900s, with the settlers who were moving west. The provided the answer to the pioneers need for a safe and sturdy home that an ordinary family could build quickly. They had dirt floors and sliding boards for windows. But the log buildings that probably had most influence on modern architects and those of the mountain retreats of wealthy New Yorkers. These country houses which were popular in the early 1900s, typify what’s known as the A style. ) w; |# h2 k' D5 s

语言第二' b4 z7 C' {8 a+ I* ~. \  ]
We’ve probably all wondered how a new word gets into the dictionary. Take the word “Doofus” for example, spelled doofus, meaning a stupid or incompetent person. This word, which has been around since the late 1960s in a slang sense, made it into the MWS dictionary only in 1993. Why did it take so long? Well, first of all, dictionary editors like to wait at least three years to be sure a word is going to last, especially a slang word. They don’t want to put in a new word prematurely, and then have to take it out in the next edition. But even for words that aren’t slang, getting into the dictionary isn’t easy. New words have to pass a lot of editorial tests; including how difficult or easy they are to look up. There’s also a limit to how thick a dictionary can be and how small its type can get before people feel they don’t want to use it. Some words have to come out before others can go in. The C dictionary adds about ten thousands words to every edition. But it takes out only a few hundred, so choices have be made very carefully. 1 N; V3 h% u, N( Y( d2 r$ Q
地学第7
3 N- }) n2 w' k! e  e5 x( HOne reason oceanographers analyze the sediment on the ocean floor is to see how long term changes in earth temperature have affected the depth of the ocean. By analyzing the remains of sea animals in old layer of ocean sediment, oceanographers can determine the depth of the ocean in the past. They analyzed hundreds of such layers, including some from the coldest periods of the earth history, the ice ages. What they found, is that during the ice ages, the amount of water in the oceans decreased. Water levels in the ocean dropped by about 400 feet. Water from the ocean evaporated, and became frozen in continental glaciers, so it didn’t drain back into the ocean. When temperatures eventually rose again, the glaciers melted, and the oceans return to their former depth. Analysis of sedimentary data indicates that periods of the glacial freezing and melting occurred in regular cycles of twenty thousand, forty thousand and one hundred thousand years. Oceanographers are interested in the histories of seawater levels, because they help to use these historical data, in order to predict the possibly fact, that global warming could have on sea water levels. If industrial pollutants are capable of heating global temperatures, to the point that glaciers begin to melt, it will be urgent for us to know the precisely how high sea levels will rise as a result.
& e* |4 b2 X9 o4 w- U历史17
5 B* Z# P% B! z% ~( NNow let’s focus on comics in the 1950s. Early in the decades sales were down, so the publishers started looking for some new angle to get their reader’s interest again. They found what they are looking for with horror comics, stories about ghost, demons that were often graphically violent. Before long, most of the major publishers were printing horror comics, but they all came to an end a few years later. You see, there was a psychologist named F, who claimed that the comic books, the horror books in particular, were a bad influence on children, and turned them into juvenile delinquents. W even wrote a book called seductions of the innocent, that showed specific scenes from colleagues that he thought were a particularly bad influence on kids. W wasn’t the only one down on comics, US Senate Subcommittee on juvenile delinquency also released report very critical on comics. The result of all these false, was the creation of the comics Code authority in 1955.
& u2 K8 [4 S6 Q# I- c8 MThis was a self-sensory body created by the publishers. Essentially, for a comic book to be proved by the Code turned to be free of the blood and gore that was usually depicted in most horror comics and evil could never triumph over good. Children have to be shown that crime did not pay. While, if comic sales were bad in 1950, thing got even worse in 1955. Many small publishers actually went out of business. But the industry rebounded by introducing a new lineup of superheroes, characters like spider man and the fantastic four. Now I’ve brought with me today some of the cosmic book from this era to pass around. They are from my personal collection, so please be extra careful when handling them.