1月（1.6，1.13，1.14，1.19，1.27）
, @& v! {# \! n  |
& z; z  m& w+ {0 X3 [1.65 h4 |$ Q  S1 i+ D

  l, x. _! z* ^

T1.

Choose one of the following and explain why you like it most: fictions, magazines and poems. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

, @8 `: n9 k& e/ C' D

Sample answer:      (音频下载请点击附件magazines.mp3)
: ]* l6 j' H2 I$ G+ Q& |) ~

+ i. C; Q* o1 k. \

I prefer magazines to fictions or poems, especially monthly magazines ‘cause they are like colorful flowers in a garden.They are good in some way and fill current trends and demands in different ways.

My definition of a good magazine is one that doesn’t just stick to the same writers and trends. The presentation, theme, and subjects should vary to grab the interest of readers. And a magazine should be a place where new writers can blossom. I would like to see more magazine stories and features on the new generation of writers and I hope to read more about new trends and new ideas.

I read five or six magazines per month and I buy two magazines regularly---fashion and beauty
. b2 o3 _! |& I5 i! l) V* Ymagazines, ‘cause they are worth reading for their entertainment news and fashion and beauty tips. Sometimes the personality profiles (人物肖像)or successful business icons (图标) are also fun to read.

0 y; j* h; t0 B9 ]2 S6 p) j4 g* N* E3 w2 r$ O  F. s
. I; w" J) H" k+ K

                                                                      共8句

0 e* U5 E; }; J  ?; r( D! n6 Z

                                                                      我的时间记录为：45’’

1 |. u" N6 ]- b; b+ h; {

                                                                      你的时间记录为:______
9 L& v$ w  {: J3 c! |# n

, c5 u1 p9 J, F3 W4 o. k6 C
, g1 S& ^7 i1 D# V9 E) Z# Z# D
T2. / n5 x: c. h& w3 q' t# {- e
Some students prefer to live alone. Others prefer to live with their roommates. Which do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.
3 Q$ n# E, Y  {/ `; O5 C8 |! e$ N: C" t$ j# q& v" Y

# M1 X( Y' f" h: t$ zSample answer:   (音频下载请点击附件live with roommates.mp3)
7 J7 q  y* \+ |5 W. k% w3 S
+ `! t4 d9 C2 T+ e5 Q7 B( `Some people may like to live by themselves ‘cause they may have much privacy and freedom. But I think living with a roommate would be better for three reasons.   }6 Z4 N, D# f; d/ w
First, sharing the rent would decrease the financial burden. Especially when living in a big city, living with a roommate is a better choice. & \+ S5 g0 G0 t; }1 K4 Y/ m
Second, one may feel lonely when living all by oneself. Talking to someone or sometimes cooking together wouldoffer change, enrich one’s character and help build better interpersonal relationship. 0 H5 a# j: l6 X( E5 W' O% z+ k
Third, if you are sick, the roommate would help you get the medicine or a doctor. However, if you live alone, you would be in great trouble. ( d0 K; i+ a/ W8 ?
Therefore, I would rather have a roommate living with me.
4 [" i9 d: e! p7 U9 |8 W# i9 \8 p- Q

7 W) d( Y# N: g* X
$ d% w8 E( S5 A8 K' _1 ~3 V
+ G2 `% k1 _3 E: m& s6 k$ m

                                                                     共8句

, G) [8 g6 E! q8 Y% R; |+ W

                                                                     我的时间记录为：40’’

- L1 W/ o3 O: d+ _

                                                                     你的时间记录为:______

9 ~5 R) W3 g3 P

; a1 S( s2 Z9 a# J& \$ {. V& y

T3.

Reading: 【学校通知】：学校准备将宿舍建到附近社区.一来可以节约校园用地，二来增加学生与当地社区的交流

Listening: 【学生议论】：女生不同意。原因有二：

1）更多的学生开车上学，对校内停车空间会有更多的要求。

2）学生应该更多的时间在校内活动而不是校外。

. J: j" @0 k& B0 t" p: K: A
Sample answer:% i; N5 N4 a* r& t+ w
In the reading material, the university is considering a plan to build up new houses off campus for the better being of students. They are trying to make more parking and space. Also students can spend more time off campus in different communities. & Y* I" v0 I1 a3 F
In the listening material, we clearly learn that woman doesn't like the idea. One reason she gives is that more students will drive to school and there will be more requests for parking。

Another reason is that students should spend more time on campus, take advantage of the activities on campus instead of doing them off campus.
0 N6 _3 `, g' W  T7 ^' hTherefore, she disagrees with that opinion.

1 B% W* T4 _, Y

- _, W: c. r7 e! x

T4

Reading:【课文要点】：Attribution Theory（归因理论）：对别人的行为我们解释为性格和品质，对自己的行为我们归咎为当时的情况。
0 U) N  y; i. Z( S1 j

Listening:【教授举例】：他曾去超市买东西，排队，一个男的插队，他就想为什么那人非站他前面，他觉得那个人很自私,粗鲁. 但是后来他又去商店买东西，但是这次他要赶着参加一个重要会议，时间很紧，队伍又特别慢，所以他也插队了，但认为自己有赶时间的理由。

9 ~2 _1 O0 y6 y. c5 k

Sample answer:# d5 e6 [* T! g9 P7 x- K  R
In this set of materials, the reading passage explains Attribution Theory. It states that people usually account for other people different than account for themselves. & ~, M! B- m+ N2 y, K6 ?

In the listening passage, the professor gives 2 examples to illustrate this. One time when he was shopping and waiting in line, a man cut him off. So he thought the man was rude and selfish. And another time, he had to go to an important meeting and he was in a hurry and he was trying to buy things, he cut off a woman who was going to stand in the line. He thought there was nothing wrong with himself. Same situation, he accounted himself different with other people.
' T% [; S' [* v- A  }2 ]* g7 N: R0 hBy these means, he proves that people usually account for themselves different from other people even in the same situation.

6 t9 @1 r5 a8 g

' s/ l9 f) N! `# N/ L: [T5.$ _# R2 o: G) }

【学生困难】：女生必须参加美文课程才能毕业。但是下学期学校还不开设。

【解决方案】：教授给她两个建议：

1、去城市学院。那里下学期开设美文课。但女生嫌太远。

2、选择其他课程，如研究生的课程。女生又嫌太难。

+ |' V* B% U( P) v

Sample answer:& k3 K/ Q& a4 ?% F
This is a discussion between a student and a professor. The student has to take American literature to graduate, but it isn't offered next semester in the university. The professor gives her 2 solutions. One of the solutions the professor comes up with is suggesting she go to City College, where there will be American literature course next sememster. The other solution is to choose other courses which can make her graduate. I tend to agree with the second solution because she could still graduate by taking other courses. It’s true that the graduate course is a little difficult, but if she worked hard, she would be able to handle it ‘cause it takes time to learn something new. Also she wouldn’t have to take much trouble go to and from City College to study American literature.

. w$ @! J% J- P9 O4 KT6.
6 I2 c) {# i! ^2 \【讲课要点】：艺术对儿童的发展的影响。

1、儿童可能会用艺术形式来表达复杂的思想。例如：一个小女孩可以通过drawing来表达她的心情,表现自己的自豪感；

2、艺术还会帮助儿童增强毅力。例如：小男孩用泥土做汽车，屡败屡做，最后成功，在此过程中锻炼了毅力。

3 q: S  i" b2 N! [" Z. ~' o

Sample answer:
* F/ O. w/ x1 k$ L6 x  R7 |

The lecture tells us that art can impact children's development in two ways: one is to help develop complex emotion; the other is to help develop the quality of persistence.Then the professor goes on to explain that by giving two examples. One is that a girl can develop her sense of pride through drawing a picture. She is very happy ‘cause she is able to do that. Another example is about a boy who was making a a clay car, but failed many times. However, after several failures, he learned how to persist. The ability can transform to other areas through his hard work.

- z! H' _& g: d: e: U! \% @6 K
+ F5 I0 d; _( u- p
2 |' ^& L  S$ t+ C

注：此套题与06. 2. 3，06. 10. 28 重复

1.13

. s% G" P& z! S6 W! \3 ^T1.

Describe your favorite room in your house or somewhere else and explain why.

* }2 z$ F8 M. v: y- n: E. C

Sample answer:    (音频下载请点击附件favorite room.mp3)
8 C5 ?: P6 {2 x; ^( n  r; l% @

My favorite room is the living room.

I like lots of open space and a sense of expansiveness, of freedom(宽敞和自由的感觉). Also, it’s a place where I can look around and not feel agitated (不安的) or confined(受限制的). All different but natural colors have a such lovely warm effect that I would never get tired of it. Everything is in harmony----- large digital TV on the wall, glass-made tea table, beautiful plants, couch and sofa, a good book, a good wine. It gives me a sense of satisfaction and away from hurly burly (喧嚣). It is at times a place to contemplate (沉思) and at times a place to share with friends.

In a word, it is graceful, refined, comfortable and restful .
6 n3 Z1 k/ {5 w' \* z; r8 U3 i- {  |! {. `2 j

3 I+ i  h9 y+ J) n) ?' q$ k( C# i2 f' r" Q* z4 Y

                                                                       共8句

                                                                       我的时间记录为：41’’

                                                                       你的时间记录为:______

4 I$ J' P0 c) I3 ]

T2. ; ~' w6 ~7 ^$ ]
Some people like to go straight to the destination to see the view while traveling. Other people prefer to enjoy the scenery along the way. Which do you prefer and why?6 ~( c$ W5 ?/ ^8 S4 T* t$ [; z
7 P$ o5 A  C; i
Sample answer:    (音频下载请点击附件enjoy the scenery along the way.mp3)1 E; m1 n1 {5 Y% T/ Z/ J) J
Some people like to go straight to the destination to see the view while traveling ‘cause they want to spend a long period of time enjoying the place as they planned. But as far as I’m concerned, I prefer to enjoy the scenery along the way.
% v' y; Z) X4 Q- dFirst, traveling is a process, not a destination. In most cases, traveling is a process of getting from point A to point B. The mind is relaxing while the landscape is passed by. Moreover, it is a process of sightseeing for us to communicate with the history and nature.
' O# G8 Q2 u' P9 ]2 r9 gSecond, taking time along the way enables us to see some places that we haven’t been to or may not have the chance to go for a visit. What good additional gain!
5 u2 o: E6 P4 ~; qFinally, not rushing to the destination but enjoying the sights during the journey is less stressful and more enjoyable. ; O, A" F5 D# W! E  ?+ O2 {( `

' e: u) F; l, n8 p6 l' A7 k1 b8 x! z& j3 s
& t& l( f' P9 B$ y  o

                                                                     共8句

                                                                     我的时间记录为：44"

                                                                     你的时间记录为:______

" s  `( q  }# D. L# U' F. Z

T3.

Reading: 【学校通知】：校报说学生组织的选举结果要推迟，原因是当天选举出现了2个irregularities（特殊情况）¸1是图书馆投票点从一楼搬到二楼，2是餐厅在投票那天提前一个小时关门了。

Listening: 【学生议论】：男生认为没有必要推迟。原因有二：

1）图书馆一楼因为有一拨人搞啥活动，乱糟糟的，所以搬到二楼是明智之举，并且有一个sign指示；
1 @' ?6 U7 o8 A# J2）餐厅营业时间的变动，也没有影响。尽管提前1小时在8点关门，但平时7点餐厅就停止供应食物。 于是8点后很少有人去餐厅，更何况餐厅不是唯一的投票地点。因此也不会对投票人数造成影响。
% s+ p/ y6 Q  z) B; R6 S2 A! k: ]+ H3 C, ^9 O7 I1 S
Sample answer:& T8 H8 p" }0 c; l
In the reading material, the newspaper article says the release of Student Election results  will be delayed due to the two irregularities that occurred on that day. One is the moving of the polling booth to the 2nd floor from the 1st floor of the library. The other is that the school cafeteria will close one hour ahead of time.
* m# p4 |* D1 \, S9 b" @In the listening material, we clearly learn that the man doesn't like the idea .One reason he gives is that it’s wise to move the polling booth in the library to the 2nd floor ‘cause the 1st floor is being used.
% P  h& W9 s2 x) ?  M2 m' lAnother reason is that it doesn’t make any difference to change the closing time of school cafeteria. 3 N7 D- ~( z, s( [9 Z. I$ B8 K* t
Usually the cafeteria closes at 8:00, but it stops serving food at 7:00, so fewer people will come after 8:00. Also, the cafeteria isn't the only place for voting.
+ M$ W2 P% D4 d+ V8 ?1 d0 l! sTherefore, he disagrees with that opinion.
7 e- B2 F& u& E0 k
* E: C1 m. M) X! {* A/ i3 K9 |  M) D4 ]% |- r# `7 X1 K* d' X

T4.

Reading:【课文要点】：生物学术语resource partition (资源分区).: Q7 c3 V$ a" f! m8 R& F
意思是在同一特定的habitat或吃同种事物的动物们可以互相不争夺食物资源，基于他们自己的physical character,，可以和平相处。7 v' B; U2 n7 W0 M
Listening:【教授举例】：教授举了美国北部某地的生活在pond的两种鸭子blackhead和redhead，
3 d4 t1 N' g+ Z6 X. ]! u7 X6 G都吃insects 和 grass, 但是不互相争夺，因为细究来看，它们的食物还是有slightly不同，
4 K2 ]) t. S& U  C, {这是由它们physical character造成的。3 Y4 |3 z1 l3 G: Z" \: T3 ^$ a
1）blackhead鸭嘴长，可以伸进深水猎食，所以多在池塘中间深水处活动。
0 p- O  u% h, [( @2）redhead嘴短，只能在池塘边上的浅水区觅食。
% f0 u+ m) [; N

$ u# y5 U2 }" w1 I3 l0 ?& t
Sample answer:
  B1 T2 ]- X& f1 J* M

In this set of materials, the reading passage explains a definition of resource partition. It states that animals in the same habitat can share the same food resources and get along well with each other based on their physical character. 2 H2 y! `  f. ]: L
In the listening passage, the professor gives an example to further explain that. He brings up the fact that two kinds of ducks--- blackhead and redhead living in one pond all eat insects and grass, but they never fight over that. He goes on to illustrate that their food is slightly different due to their different physical character. Blackhead ducks have long beak, which can make them get food in the deep water. Redhead ducks have short beak, which makes it possible for them to get food in the low water around the sides of the pond.
) K0 W/ z- N* {7 iBy these means, he proves that animals living in the same habitat share the territory and the food instead of competing against each other. + T. H2 x1 E: j+ P8 L. D- F+ K

( h, Z4 Q7 O8 x6 {  X

T5.% @* Q, y& x1 ~+ Z0 c. {/ {
【学生困难】：男女生要去参加一个play的准备rehearsal，但director要走人，因为 bad temper，跟其他人无法共事，自己老蹿火。但有一个candidate可以, 可是又sick 了.

【解决方案】：两个方案：1)自己演自己导. 2) 极力劝说那个火爆脾气别quit，因为是最理想的director.

& s/ j* x, @% Z5 B- X
Sample answer:  _9 Q5 o! ]5 L2 b8 n% k7 E/ c
This is a discussion between two students who are going to attend a rehearsal of a play。But the director is leaving because of his bad temper. One of the solutions the two students come up with is that they have to be their own director ‘cause a candidate who can direct is sick. The other solution is to try to persuade that* k% Z' K0 k& t+ L- u
bad-tempered director to get back ‘cause he is the most ideal one. I tend to agree with the second solution because the sick substitute might not get the job well done. And also the original director may not lose his temper all the time. ( ?' k, `5 E1 k4 o; n
6 I% I" o2 h9 J8 g6 ?" y2 g7 `
T6.
4 Y( {7 }" _' S4 B, ?) `, U【讲课要点】：教授讲经济学demand，先一句话定义了一下，然后她说产品价格上升，需求下降，两个原因，拿coffee 作例子，当有一种substitute存在时比如tea，咖啡价格升，人们买茶，咖啡需求自然就下降了；但没有tea或者人们就偏爱咖啡，价格升后，人们还会买咖啡，但买的数量少了，总体需求也下降了。/ N- S! P: L/ w/ A1 r/ s
! x; S& m4 ^. \6 @+ a# |
Sample answer:- K* ^0 @- [0 W
In the lecture the professor tells us about demand in economics and explains that products are less demanded when the price is high and vice versa. There are two causes. One is the substitution effect; the other is consumer tastes. Then she takes coffee for example. When a substitue like tea exists, customers may buy it if the price of coffee increases. Then the demand for coffee decreases. However, when there’s no tea or people just love to drink coffee, they will still buy coffee even though the price of coffee goes up. But the purchased quantity drops, and thus the overall demand falls.
4 W. n2 o5 P6 {/ @7 y8 y$ D  f
, O/ u9 N* F$ i# |4 c* W. W/ j/ n4 X# |/ ^1 X8 S" i
  X# k8 l/ S& o- S  S

  Y. E. d( G% |! Q/ _: f. d+ ~, w. G& H! a) X4 k! c" ~
[ 本帖最后由 半月霜天 于 2008-6-20 11:24 编辑 ]

3月（3.3，3.4，3.10，3.23）
* L: |+ `8 A) K6 l- g0 R4 }; h5 \( U
* j; x" G; y) I+ @3.3  D& S: H6 A8 I% o( n7 [

" f- _7 q0 y2 Y& ?% {  fT1. State one of your challenging experiences. Explain why it is challenging and how you conquered this challenge. & Q( i) z0 v5 X1 y8 V* W/ X$ l) v

4 O: ]' L4 A' N& Q: {
2 ?# L  |, Z" q" ^: g9 b& DSample answer:     (音频下载请点击附件challenging experience.mp3)
& ~; N7 ^5 ~8 R/ |Something challenging that I ever did was the first time I gave a public speech when I was in middle school. " _/ m( U) c! U$ }  ]
As we know, the biggest concern about public speaking is the anxiety. It was not that I hadn’t done such a thing before, but that I hadn’t got it well prepared. Also, it was a large audience of over 1,000 students and the teaching staff.
5 c  B: m; \: P: |A couple of days before the speech, I couldn’t sleep well, so I asked my politics teacher --- a very nice person, for help. She gave me very useful suggestions----- think postively and take action, which still works for me right now. Then I did as I was advised to. Though I could have done worse than I had expected, I wouldn’t lose anything, but get valuable experience. Keeping this in mind, I practiced over and over again in front of a mirror. Eventually, I made it.
1 Q/ E* K: a3 r7 S4 E! s6 b1 W! s

0 m( A- v; M  P

                                                                     共10句

  P! F  F: z& g6 B5 G

                                                                     我的时间记录为：44’’

1 C  V# c# l% `$ j& K

                                                                     你的时间记录为:______

- A. k7 i, r0 q6 F  x( a; z

' ?+ D$ g( B4 t9 q7 t

, c/ p" {7 v' b  u3 l4 C

" z; P9 M6 Q; A2 U: \
注：描述经历时，过程较多，适合用短句。所以此范例答案包含10句话。
  ?4 [6 v) ^5 @% q( G# C
# G2 k3 i" e: ^" s: M" FT2. Some people choose a major that may gurantee a good job. Other people choose a major out of their personal interest in that area. Which do you think is a good idea and why?(或Some students would choose to study a subject because it brings plenty of job opportunities. Instead, others would choose to study a subject which really interests themselves, although it probably doesn’t sell well in the job market. Which opinion do you agree about? Explain why. )( o5 X1 j2 v) N7 M1 G& o- G

$ Z) T2 h3 F8 RSample answer:    (音频下载请点击附件choosing a major out of interst.mp3)
' ^' Y/ n+ V/ C1 I; NThese two aspects of choosing a major both have their merits, but I still think choosing a major out of personal interest is a better idea.
# K; Z9 N1 @3 m2 w' T/ fTo begin with, interest is the best teacher. Only when people show great interest in that particular area, they can do well in their academic career.
2 f3 R+ D4 X4 nIn addition, interest leads to involvement and involvement leads to enthusiasm and more response, which is very important for a student who’s pursuing a better future. 3 M9 K- Z! e+ E# n! {" f. F) y! n
What’ s more, long-term success depends on performance out of vital interest. Interest in the subject encourages them to take an optimistic view-point and continued action to accomplish their goals. Even when facing tough problems, they are able to tackle them and move forward. 6 s! ^( G1 L3 g' p7 V
In closing, I agree with the idea of interest being the most important consideration of choosing a subject.
" }* g3 A7 k. {( G% L2 W! n& P8 f7 f, L" P9 z7 A' _! X
& V- |. P3 X: q  C( @- j3 }3 i. |

                                                                      共8句

6 L  z2 H+ D- U% R

                                                                      我的时间记录为：43’’

; d/ D0 ?& X7 W( m, q

                                                                      你的时间记录为:______

: H. x$ F+ n! ^6 d8 ~1 Q8 W

( b$ H& T1 n$ D# n6 ^

T3.

Reading:【学校通知】：学校对本科生实行新的学分政策。以前，上研究生课程的本科生只能拿到本科阶段的学分。新政策实施后，学分对本科阶段和研究生阶段都有效。也就是，如果这些优秀的学生毕业后继续报考本校的研究生的话，可以不再选同样的课程。校方的目的于鼓励学生在报考研究生的时候选择本校。

Listening: 【学生议论】：男生不同意。原因有三：

1）小班变大班，教学效果会不好。

2）对本科生和在读研究生都没好处。

3）本科生报考本校的研究生对其个人视野拓展和经历丰富性方面没有好处。

% J7 c+ ~) j7 N3 K* }5 H6 I! S

Sample answer:

In the reading material, the university is considering a new course credit policy. In the listening material, we clearly learn that man doesn't like the idea. One reason he gives is that if too many undergraduates choose to take graduate courses, he won’t be able to enjoy the small seminars and get personal attention from professors.Besides, the new policy is harmful not only for the graduates, but also for the undergraduates. Another reason is that the undergraduates shouldn’t be encouraged to stay in the same school for their graduate study ‘cause they will lose very good chance for new and different experiences. Therefore, he disagrees with that opinion.

. w6 \$ c. r; W% Q  a  _! |$ k

T4.

Reading: 【课文要点】讲role distancing. 每个人都有他们的role，但是很多人都想separate from their role，because not comfortable.) `" Q2 ]9 a7 V! Q& p$ v; ~
Listening:【教授举例】说一个13岁的小孩，在家跟同学玩呢，他妈突然让他洗碗，他不愿意，因为他觉得在他同学面前没面子，但是不洗又不行，只能用一些间接方式表示抗议，比如做做鬼脸，比如洗得很慢之类的。
3 r* j. E( I1 z, g1 X( M' Y
& x! h7 Q8 O; A6 ]+ D3 ^) t4 Z1 p

Sample answer:

In this set of materials, the reading passage explains the concept of role distancing.It states that people would express their reluctance of playing current social roles directly in very rare cases. In the listening passage, the professor gives an examples to illustrate this. A 13- year- old boy was playing with his friends in the living room when his mom came in and asked him to wash dishes. He knew very clearly that he should obey his mom and do the dishes. But, on the other hand, he did not want his friends to have the idea that he was just a nice, good kid. So he showed his reluctance by making faces or walking into the kitchen slowly. By these means, he proves that people would release some emotional clues that imply their unwillingness of accepting the roles.- B6 R: ?! C  Q; C
3 B5 e: G) X8 P) w7 x

+ W% a- h! s* l$ `: h4 z/ g1 N9 c) }
T5.; h$ ^, p0 p! H( v, p& \

【学生困难】：摄影协会的会长，工作忙，课又多。

【解决方案】：女生给他两个建议：

1） 退位，专心搞学习。

2）退课，反正不是必修。

6 c; H: q- u+ k* y2 x; `1 b+ k
Sample answer:
" d# z" X: ~0 ]. z% z3 Y1 T) V" _

This is a discussion between two students. The male student is having a hard time dealing with his presidentship of the photographer’s club and his classes. The female student gives him 2 solutions. One of the solutions is to step down from his presidentship of the club. The other solution is to to drop some classes. I tend to agree with the second solution because the class is not mandatory. If he’s interested in that professor, Lora, he could frequent his visits to her. Also he wouldn still keep his position as president of the club and doing what he loves to do.

8 h* ~% x+ C' q6 s( B, O- u9 d
T6.
- w! H$ r9 J( J【讲课要点】：恐龙灭绝原因。两种理论假设。  P: j. D/ N7 Z% p9 E4 v; ?$ p
1. 事物缺乏理论：陨石=>遮云蔽日=>植物变少=>动物变少=>灭亡
7 y) p# C" q2 K" W

2. 全球升温理论：全球变暖=>蛋变暖=>雌的龙变少=>失衡=灭亡

* C/ a: c: u' c( X' {Sample answer:
- R0 O1 A& w1 }8 R

The lecture tells us about the two hypotheses explaining the extinction of dinosaurs. Then the professor goes on to further explain that. One is the lack-of -food theory. The other is the rising temperature theory. According to the first theory, an aerolite hit our planet millions of years ago. The dust clouds aroused by the collision blackened the sky for months. First, the plants died because of lack of sunshine to survive. Soon after that, the plant-eating dinosaurs died out because they had nothing to eat. Finally, after the death of plant-eating dinosaurs, all the carnivore dinosaurs disappeared permanently from our planet. According to the second theory, most dinosaurs died out as the result of volcano eruptions. The volcano eruptions always bring large amount of carbon dioxide into the air, which keeps the heat from running away. The higher the temperature, the less likely that female baby dinosaurs would come out. And because fewer female baby dinosaurs came out, even fewer eggs could be laid. Eventually, all dinosaurs as a species died out millions of years ago as the result of ever rising temperature.

: r5 ?6 M) F' g3 Y3 M% S  d

3.4

T1. Describe an important gift you’ve received and explain why it is important. Please include specific details and examples in your explanation.

+ p3 T8 |' _& f/ j0 |/ n, o

Sample answer: （音频下载请点击附件gift.mp3）
' n5 z" X8 L  Y5 R( o; b$ oAn important gift I’ve ever received is a doll given by my mother on my sixth birthday.
) u' `- f2 ^1 `The doll is part of my fondest memories of childhood. I was a fourth child and received hand-me-downs(传下来的东西)from my sisters for everything--clothes, shoes, schoolbags. This was the first significant thing that I received of value that was just for me.8 B& e7 j. \$ S& r9 J4 Q8 q; c" H
I had endless hours of play with that doll. She is around 3 feet tall, long brown hair, beautiful eyes, black shoes, undergarment and I think the dress is a plaid one which my mother made for her. I had her for quite a few years and loved to dress her up and change her hairstyle as a child.
" o4 b  K& ^1 ^2 g, yThe doll still exists and I'm thrilled to discover that she’s in in excellent condition ‘cause it truly has great meaning to me.
* _' Q# p# J4 I0 r8 K$ ]' R8 r6 M! c( q# I3 f% l
; a0 e+ p( G1 b( u

                                                                      共8句

, }. y) q1 s" n4 k9 K/ [/ j

                                                                      我的时间记录为：40’’

+ p' |; K: }" W3 f! e; H

                                                                      你的时间记录为:______

/ P# O1 D, |2 N+ X3 ?

T2. Is the life in your generation easier or more difficult than that in your grandparents' time?Please include specific details and examples in your explanation.

Sample answer:（音频下载请点击附件easier life.mp3）

People’s life nowadays is undoubtedly becoming easier and more convenient due to the advanced technology.
. \; c6 c  U1 c/ P1 c- `( T: h3 {% ?' GBefore, people used to cook by burning wood or coal, do their laundry with their hands and get information only from books, newspapers, some printed stuff like that. But the technological inventions make life better and more enjoyable. An electric boiler or a microwave oven makes cooking much faster and easier. A fully automatic washing machine drives the tedious laundry work away and people keep themselves very well informed by watching TV or surfing the Internet. Net-surfers in different countries can share interesting knowledge and the latest information. And also the Internet has provided a major opportunity to buy and sell merchandise and even stocks, reserve a ticket or a room, or do e-business. All this results in people meeting and sharing thoughts and exchanging knowledge, which eventually leads to betterment of mankind.
" [9 b0 z4 G& P1 p& G3 F
: W3 N$ S. t4 B3 n: e

                                                                      共8句

$ @  C4 B% n# z6 x

                                                                      我的时间记录为：42’’

7 g" e, |/ _* d# i8 }

                                                                      你的时间记录为:______

& {' ^1 h3 F! m1 W1 ~2 x

* P. v0 Q7 i: h8 L) H8 H

T3.

Reading:【学校通知】：一个毕业生的来信，说自己毕业工作后很后悔当初在学校没有学电脑知识，建议学校开始初级电脑课或之类的课程。

Listening: 【学生议论】：女生不同意。原因有二：

1) 世道变了，那男的都毕业25年了，现在每个人都会用电脑，而且每节课也都要用电脑，所以没这个必要。

2）没教电脑，不是学校的错误。学校没必要教给学生所有的skills, 学生应该自己学。那个男生即使离开了学校还是应该继续学习的。

- `) r" b1 V/ l% B. g! U

Sample answer:

The reading material is a letter from a former student, in which he says he was regretful for not having learned computer skills well in school. Based on that fact, he suggests that the university start intro-computer and some related courses. In the listening material, we clearly learn that woman doesn't like the idea. One reason she gives is that things have changed since the student graduated 25 years ago. Now almost everyone can use the computer, and is using it in every class, so his suggestion is unfavorable.

Another reason is that it is not university's fault not to teach computer in school. Not all the skills are learned in school. Students should learn by themselves after leaving school, so should that student. Therefore, she disagrees with that opinion.

$ D5 U; E1 W. o& e3 f

T4.

Reading: 【课文要点】Sunk cost (已支付成本或隐没成本). 就是花出去的钱不能再收回。
- |; L/ |) Q  Q1 J但是有时人们还继续做着不利的事。

Listening:【教授举例】说你已经买了票要去看足球赛。结果那天下雨，又冷。当天电视上也有直播。但是你认为票很贵，既然买了，就应该去。结果被淋湿。其实如果你在家看呢，尽管钱花了，但至少还挺快乐。反正钱已经花出去了，干嘛不找一个自己舒服一点的方式呢。
2 W. d$ J/ L- {& U3 c8 t! E) P5 e; `7 w! |' p

Sample answer:

In this set of materials, the reading passage explains a concept of sunk cost.
( Q$ a. I8 w9 D  i( u' V# @It states that sunk costs are costs that have been incurred and which cannot be recovered to any significant degree.2 y- w7 E! H- R/ y! u2 }
People will continue their project even they know it won't be profitable if there is a sunk cost.
* e' ^: c" R' [( k% T

In the listening passage, the professor gives an example to illustrate this. Suppose you've already bought a ticket for a football game. But on that day, it was cold and raining. Besides, there would be a live game on TV. But as you thought you already paid for the expensive ticket, you would struggle to go outside to see the game. So you would get cold and wet. The ticket is the sunk cost. Actually, if you stayed home watching it on TV, there wouldn’t be any trouble and you would feel happy about it.

By these means, he proves that sunk costs should no longer be taken into account, since they were incurred in the past. Instead, people should do something fancier than what they have originally planned.

: Y2 n$ F/ J# T6 s/ xT5.
7 U& M3 d3 \; q' t1 f

【学生困难】：男生想去听review,因为对考试会有帮助，可是他已经答应了朋友去帮他搬新家，所以无法如期参加。

【解决方案】：女生给他三个建议：

1） Review是在早上开始的，而且也不会持续太长时间，所以男的可以上午早点去。男的说：不行,朋友动作慢,东西多,要很长时间。

2）女生可以写下notes，给男生看。男的说,你太NICE了，但是我想还在REVIEW上提问题让教授回答。

3）男生可以问女生问题，如果女生知道就帮他回答。

6 O! d2 G0 q& Q2 z  ^

Sample answer:
  M  Z: {8 e' p* t$ \

In the conversation, the man wants to go to the review class, which is very helpful for the coming exam, but he can’t because he has promised his friend to help him move. The woman gives her 2 solutions. One of the solutions is to go to the class early because it starts early in the morning and won’t last long. But the man has trouble finishing the moving ‘cause his friend is slow and also has a lot of things. So he guesses it would take much time. The other solution is she can take notes and lend it to him. But the man is afraid he won’t be able to ask the professor questions in class. The third one is that the man can ask her if he has any questions. Maybe she could help. I tend to agree with the second solution because the man wouldn’t feel guilty for not being able to help his friend with the moving. Also, and he could still get the content in the review class.

: m/ i2 D8 r  L
0 J. B5 C" }) m: ~: n* e2 nT6.
. d# `5 t4 s# k! }5 Q【讲课要点】：讲人们原来以为，fungi对tree是有伤害的，但现在教授说它是有利的, fungi 对树木的成长有间接帮助。
3 p6 E7 m! s9 ]: M, |0 N1 E! S1) Fungi 以死木为食，因此树木中空。中空的树木在暴风雨中不会被刮倒。( V: `/ Q  @3 H7 F- Z
2) 中空的树木吸引动物到里面居住生活，其废弃的食物反之为树木提供了养料。! v& j$ J1 D/ a+ ?

1 I; R' D/ V% U9 pSample answer:$ B, g7 u4 Y2 w. \