第十六篇（人物摄影家）:! L( c# o2 `0 Z+ j; ]' ^7 K
That’s an interesting question, Tom. Women did (participate) in the early days of motion-picture making. (One of) the most (outstanding) is Lois Weber. She is (credited) as the first consistently successful woman film director.
  w* f( m! J' }7 B* J" E1 g# P$ B4 rIn the early 1900’s, when she first arrived in <Holly Wood>, Ms. Weber made a (series of experimental sound) films. Now, this was almost twenty years before modern “talking pictures” were developed. The <dialogue> for her movies was recorded on photograph records and then (synchronized) with action on the movie <screen>—very (innovative) for that time.
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In addition, Weber felt movie should be educational as well as (entertaining). She made several highly (controversial) movies that dealt with moral and social issues of her day. And some of her most controversial work <addressed> issues of particular interest to woman. <Unfortunately>, Weber died in 1939 just as Holly Wood was <beginning> to make films (aimed primarily) female audiences, which brings me to my next point.
- t- _, |" H! o0 ?participate: [ pɑ:'tisipeit ]8 u& [3 V3 v/ F
credit: [ 'kredit ]
5 q8 y1 W3 i6 Pdialogue: [ 'daiəlɔg ]; J( _9 y6 T1 e3 Q1 V
synchronize: [ 'siŋkrənaiz ] 同时发生8 [/ M0 ^$ r' |, p, P. j0 o; H
screen: [ skri:n ]名词动词藏匿；庇护
3 {1 T3 [' `) d4 z: R. wentertain: [ .entə'tein ]! o* e7 k+ s! ]. p* |9 q
controversial: [ .kɔntrə'və:ʃəl ]  5 @  T2 O& S* k# F( m- W
address: [ ə'dres ]  寒喧；演说& ~5 Z/ c: `3 l& E+ v/ z: X5 h! Y
primary: [ 'praiməri ]最初的，主要的，原始的$ u1 ^* W/ ~! s/ m+ {$ [
) w7 r; L- N; Y0 S! A
[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-5-21 22:14 编辑 ]

  先把昨天没来的急发的补上: * k' [, m) g. @& ~  ~  Z6 K# ]
第十七篇（comics book）:
1 N$ t7 c& E3 b) e! YNow let’s focus on comics in the 1950s. Early in the decade sales were down, so <publishers> started looking for some new angle to get their readers interested again. They found they were looking for with (horror) comics—stories about (ghosts and demons) that more often (graphically) <violent>.
0 s$ v" O- R& ~& G: A: u3 }# n3 U
Before long, most of the major publishers were printed horror comics—but it all came to an end a few years later. You see there was a (psychologist) named Frederic Wertham who claimed that comic books—the horror books in particular—were a bad influence on children and turn them into (juvenile delinquents). Wertham even (wrote) a book called the <Seduction> of the (Innocent) that (showed specific scenes from comics that he thought were) particularly bad influence on kids.
( D; p: J. q* ~+ ^" N$ u9 I3 Q# h4 `
Wertham wasn’t the only down on the comics. The United States (subcommittee) on juvenile delinquents also released (a report) very critical of comics. The result of all this (fuss) was the creation of comics (Code Authority) in 1955. This was a (self-censoring) body created by the publishers. Essentially, for a comic book to be approved by the code, it had to be free of the blood and (gore) that was usually (depicted) in most horror comic. And evil could never (triumph) over good. Children had to be shown that crime did not pay.1 K- @" t( U" p& a- I% ~1 G

, c4 N* P! Z1 @! hWell, if comic sales were bad in 1950, things got even worse in 1955. Many small publishers actually went (out of) business. But the industry (rebounded) by introducing a new (lineup) of superheroes, <characters> like Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four. Now, I’ve brought with me today some comic books from this area to pass around. They’re from my own personal collection, so please be (extra) careful when <handling> them.+ ]% _0 @6 o, C2 ~
comic: [ 'kɔmik ] 形容词 喜剧的 名词 连环漫画0 x3 ]/ h; H3 E1 S7 X; |; [, j
publisher: [ 'pʌbliʃə(r) ]. l; ]* f/ f, C  N: A4 ~1 E( ]
horror: [ 'hɔrə ]  名词 恐怖；可怕的事物
# w# i& S2 F7 B7 K6 u% X) |0 P2 x* M: oghost: [ gəust ] 名词 鬼，幽灵 动词 为某人代作
/ u: w" Q8 l0 h8 N5 q, A9 g- u4 g9 Q! \demon: [ 'di:mən ]  恶魔
% A7 F# ^/ k: l. s! y8 Rgraphically: [ 'græfikəli ] 用图表表示! m& l$ T& b6 r
violent: [ 'vaiələnt ] 3 a# [1 Q5 F1 ^3 p# [6 }6 s
psychologist: [ sai'kɔlədʒist ]
! A9 @, u. G+ P) V. njuvenile: [ 'dʒu:vinail ] 形容词 名词1 @3 B- R# j$ o! U7 `
delinquent: [ di'liŋkwənt ]有过失的，有罪的 过失者；违犯者5 {- o" t$ V. h6 J) A. ~: b2 L
Seduction: [ si'dʌkʃən ] 引诱；诱惑 勾引；诱奸
1 ?0 r7 a+ E: T. p1 k7 g0 bInnocent: [ 'inəsnt ]  清白的；无罪的9 L! ~. L% K; g/ d
scene: [ si:n ]  场,景,情景
3 e% }" N# \' y3 ^" \" @  C8 I/ ?; Isubcommittee: [ 'sʌbkə'miti ]  小组委员会
7 R$ G) |8 s- \fuss: [ fʌs ]  动词 名词 大惊小怪# k; M. R7 l, [4 w$ H1 m
Authority: [ ɔ:'θɔriti ] 权力,权威,当局3 u+ x7 c' V' K. X2 ]+ g) K
author: [ 'ɔ:θə ] 动词 名词
' ^: g, |6 w0 C; E; U2 B9 P% B$ fcensor: [ 'sensə ] 检查员 检查7 Z% w+ o! ^) I3 ?6 }5 e) ]' ?& _
gore: [ gɔ: ]  流出的血 (用枪)刺破
4 ~! K5 G+ e0 q5 J+ Q; Bdepict: [ di'pikt ]
8 n: h7 m4 k1 W" q0 O: f0 e6 y1 Utriumph: [ 'traiəmf ] 动词 名词 凯旋；胜利 2 ]6 z+ Q! q9 q, R& B2 q
rebound: [ ri'baund ] 动词 名词弹回，回跳；
: k8 y1 j& @6 V, ]; pcharacter: [ 'kæriktə ] ) H6 b( B8 U2 ^& }3 E' U0 H3 O% s5 ?7 n
5 d; S$ O2 m& B) v2 `# \
  其中最后一句我没听出来有them的.$ r' [, Z0 ~; c/ b/ {

3 c1 x4 }5 D4 h" |& v, s+ z/ M[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-5-24 00:10 编辑 ]

第十八篇（建筑log structures）感觉这两篇挺难的! )7 O9 {) `) G* E% T( M
As you probably know, log structures are <gaining> in popularity. There are no longer just the simple country homes that we think of as the traditional log (cabin). Some (upscale) homes now incorporate natural round logs in (ceiling) beams and walls. People seem to think the rounded logs give their homes (cozy), warm <atmosphere>. And even people who want to build traditional log cabin (on their own can buy a kit with precut) logs that fit together like piece of a (jigsaw) <puzzle>. 6 L$ x# f$ t( T5 I# O0 d
5 g! T% X) E3 M0 z
Before showing you some (slides) of modern log houses, I’d like to give a little (historical) background on the subject: log cabins were first built in the late 1600’s (along) the Delaware River (valley). The European <immigrants> who settled there brought (centuries-old) traditions of working with logs. And (in this heavily) wooded area, logs were the material at hand.
. r& q7 h: J. C' c' H6 _. a/ F! I* o. [2 K6 y2 V! p! y. G! R
Log cabins were most popular in the early 1800’s, with the settlers who were moving west. They provided the answer to the pioneers’ (need for) a safe and (sturdy) home that an (ordinary) family could build quickly: they had (dirt floors and sliding boards) for windows.
  x2 s( V" O7 L: M; U. K# N8 z% M9 R: }3 E! W! C7 y
But the log buildings that probably had most influence on modern architects are those of (mountain) retreats of wealthy New Yorkers. These country houses, which were popular in the early 1900’s, (typify) what’s known as the Adirondack <style>. Now, let’s look at those slides…
% a0 a7 X4 P3 z* X+ J6 v: Ugain: [ gein ]  , ?, \6 g  r0 L5 |; W9 }/ C
cabin: [ 'kæbin ] 船舱,机舱,小木屋
; j& Z7 K$ b5 P' s# e) R4 V- Gupscale: [ 'ʌpskeil ]  属于上层的，社会高层的1 W: H; W! f6 p" F' B
ceiling: [ 'si:liŋ ]  + X. |- t/ p! w8 f* y
beam: [ bi:m ]  n. 光线,电波,横梁,容光焕发 v. 微笑,闪亮
4 R/ c6 g) W5 }+ B  P7 lcozy: [ 'kəuzi ]  舒适的3 a2 l# o% L% \4 C: v
atmosphere: [ 'ætməsfiə ] ( u( @+ {: e( L8 |% l7 Y4 j
kit: [ kit ]  装备,工具箱
8 N! {/ b9 Q4 c8 M% f+ B: B+ r/ yprecut: [ 'pri:'kʌt ] 按规格裁切3 g2 d: Y( [# F( d0 s0 ^- i
jigsaw: [ 'dʒigsɔ: ] 钢丝锯，竖锯 动词 名词+ x3 [8 |9 ~. N
puzzle: [ 'pʌzl ]7 o7 r1 w1 i  s0 w
slide: [ slaid ] 滑动；滑倒，, ^4 `6 W# O2 S1 H
valley: [ 'væli ]
! R9 @: o3 h) c6 ^sturdy: [ 'stə:di ] 强健的,健全的" C$ E. |( T0 o! c
ordinary: [ 'ɔ:dinəri ]
- Y9 w" i  Y  a# ^8 r1 Udirt: [ də:t ]  污垢,泥土 肮脏% }+ {# c* A+ U# A1 E" o; w
board: [ bɔ:d ]6 d% \9 N# k; k: J  K/ [  G+ ]% b
retreat: [ ri'tri:t ] 动词 名词 隐退；撤退 7 g' K9 \, S6 @: q/ U$ N
architect: [ 'ɑ:kitekt ]
7 @. k: a6 D/ }' nmountain: [ 'mauntin ]
. p) `. I+ H) M; K3 W7 ctypify: [ 'tipifai ] 成为…的典型；象征；4 C  b1 C# v3 n& s& f) f6 C
style: [ stail ] ! G3 e, d- e; U4 y+ D7 _
: a# ]+ R% A9 c
[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-5-24 23:42 编辑 ]

第十九篇（钱币）:
9 x' _/ l( z) v" x( ?1 o* C# WI was really glad when your (club) invited me to (share) my coin collection. It’s been my passion since I collected my first Lincoln cent in 1971. That’s the (current) <penny> with Abraham Lincoln’s (image). Just a little history before I start in on my own collection, Lincoln pennies are made of copper, and there were the first United States coin to bear the likeness of a <President>. It was back in 1909 when the country was (celebrating the centennial) of Lincoln’s <birth> in 1809 that the decision was made to redesign the one-cent piece in his (honor). Before that, the penny had an American Indian head on it. The new penny was designed by artist Victor David Brenner. This is interesting because he put his (initials) V.D.B. on the reverse of the coin in its original design. There was the general (uproar) when the initials were (discovered), and only a limited number of the coins were <struck> with the initials on them. Today a penny with the initials from San Francisco Mint …called the 1909-SVDB is worth over five hundred dollars. Now, when I started my coin collection, I began with the penny for several reasons. There were a lot of them (several hundred billion (have been minted)) and there were a lot of people collecting them, so I had plenty of people to trade with and talk to about my collection. Also, it was a coin I could afford to collect as young (teenager). In the twenty-five years since then, I have managed to acquire over three hundred coins, some of them very <rare>. I’ll be sharing with you today some of my <rarer specimens>, including the 1909-SVDB.
9 b# ~0 v/ u! X- eclub: [ klʌb ]
  X9 G& M( x" _2 U9 D' G# @share: [ ʃɛə ]
* A6 E9 X0 D; I8 Pcurrent: [ 'kʌrənt ] 流行的/ T6 u; M; k, P) R
现在的 .水流；气流；趋势，# i( W, t$ @. u& l# }4 i' V/ [
image: [ 'imidʒ ]
* L& }, X: }( g5 r0 Icelebrate: [ 'selibreit ]
4 Z7 o' _6 S- n' V  Q- t* J. Rcentennial: [ sen'tenjəl, -niəl ] 一百周年(纪念)1 y7 Z- l  ]1 ~1 [/ _, r( c
百年的
4 S' G3 a7 g8 o% w) Ibirth: [ bə:θ ]
9 ^; x3 {, w+ U2 q% Uhonor: [ 'ɔnə ] 5 P3 n- u' Z5 Z) C! u
initial: [ i'niʃəl ] 词首字母
" {8 D5 i9 L5 z3 z( \, D" t) iuproar: [ 'ʌprɔ: ]  鼓噪，骚嚷，) A, q1 b  k' b; g3 u, t9 A
discover: [ dis'gʌvə ]/ A& }* l0 q( r, l$ M* g
struck: [ strʌk ] strike的过去式(分词)9 p8 y$ C8 E4 W% Y
Mint: [ mint ] n. 薄荷,造币厂,巨额 v. 铸造,铸币,伪造$ q- N1 Q" e1 g  j! b2 v  I
teenager: [ 'ti:n.eidʒə ] 13岁到19岁的年轻人
: J  x5 Z( ?6 N  U2 C4 T8 C; crare: [ rɛə ]7 d0 {! g! w- V7 o4 `
specimen: [ 'spesimən ]

第二十篇（农业）:+ ]: r0 y3 V: K6 j
One of the most popular (myths) about the United States in the nineteenth century was that of the (free) and simple life of the farmer. It was said that farmers (worked hard) on their own land to produce whatever their family needed. They might sometimes trade with <neighbors>; but in general, they could get alone just find by relying on themselves, not on <commercial ties> with others.% a. I/ ]) R: Q, `: V' F/ a  P+ j

, A3 j& H9 e9 ^7 h2 T/ A$ N
$ E; L# J$ z3 A) tThis is how Thomas Jefferson idealized the farmer at the beginning of nineteenth century, and, at that time, this made things close to the truth—especially, on the (frontier). By the mid-century, sweeping changes as <agriculture> were well under way as farmers began to specialize in the raising of crops such as cotton or corn or wheat.
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$ A& ^+ f2 [$ @! W% _+ p. ?! GBy late in the century, revolutionary <advances> in farm <machinery> had <vastly> increased production of specialized crops. And extensive network of railroads had (linked) farmers <throughout> the country to markets in the East and even (overseas). By raising and selling specialized crops, farmers could afford more and finer goods and <achieve> a much higher <standard> of living—but at a price.
6 y2 B, s5 J5 s6 I
$ v) Z, B8 ?! ]1 |Now, farmers were no longer depending just on the weather (and their own) efforts. Their (lives) were increasingly controlled by banks, which had power to grant and (deny loans) for new machinery, and by the railroads, which (set the rates) for shipping their crops to market. As businessman, farmers now had to worry about national economic depression and the influence of world supply and demand on, for example, the price of wheat in Kansas.% x6 M( ?' a2 X( P# A7 l. ^
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And so, by the end of nineteenth century, the (era) of Jefferson <independent> farmer had come to a close./ ?7 _6 j- u/ ~
myth: [ miθ ]* _) Q/ O) L' H+ p
commercial: [ kə'mə:ʃəl ]  3 Y1 i% w, f. O& t5 G% L
tie: [ tai ]
9 S  F) }$ x2 s/ O- M( U; Jfrontier: [ 'frʌntjə ] 边疆；边界+ P  ]1 q0 ^9 ~) K
边疆的
  k& R* O; G8 d% ~4 l1 ssweep: [ swi:p ] 扫除
2 g3 n' e$ I0 j( j' C9 _! `# X7 \席卷
/ [) k0 _# a1 \8 H& }+ Y4 Nagriculture: [ 'ægrikʌltʃə ]
- f/ R, j4 ]: l! m  G1 pspecialize: [ 'speʃəlaiz ] 特殊化. d* J* _" E) q2 v: z- a$ ^, z; w
idealize: [ ai'diəlaiz ]5 n, |* T0 g  l0 s
raise: [ reiz ]
5 C# e; `. c9 a0 v4 n2 b, }" lrise: [ raiz ]: }5 m2 s  p6 l7 a, l' P
machinery: [ mə'ʃi:nəri ] (总称)机器,机械8 v7 \* W( ^1 W/ o* ~! n3 D
vast: [ və:st ]
; s, D% r/ T: P* B' Zlink: [ liŋk ]1 W% h7 n: R+ S
achieve: [ ə'tʃi:v ]
# O2 z8 j, r5 estandard: [ 'stændəd ] 名词
- ]- N/ ]- o9 G6 c7 e形容词
/ F9 r2 Q4 E( ~/ Q6 Z( kgrant: [ grɑ:nt ] 授予,同意,承认
) B9 {7 S8 S4 mdeny: [ di'nai ]  否认
' b! b2 }7 ~9 M+ _; y8 |' Kloan: [ ləun ] 名词# q8 f& R& ^2 p' x: O
动词- ?* l. {& C) B9 ~4 w' y
rate: [ reit ]  n. 比率,等级,价格, F/ A. m% y5 U; c! @! b
v. 估价,认为,检定等级- ?8 _, G7 N, l+ ^$ ~8 c
depression: [ di'preʃən ]1 S+ W( a% S$ L6 I
demand: [ di'mɑ:nd ]
' C9 _% r& p; ]5 Rera: [ 'iərə ] 纪元；年代，时代
9 z0 T* j3 C0 v; W % ^- Y+ Z( H5 q5 H/ L
  其中第二段第一句at that time, this made things close to the truth在提供的文本中是this may have been close to the truth.

今天休息,莫有听写,看以后尽量补上1 x, p$ C3 U! P  H
  补上:
" c6 k; g4 q5 \, O! a第二十一篇（magazines）:
2 N, D7 X3 v/ j, J, yMoving away from newspapers, let’s now focus on magazines. Now, the first magazine was a little (periodical) called the review. And it was started in London in 1704. It looked a lot like the newspapers of the time, but in (terms) of its content, it was much different. Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events, but the review focus on important (domestic) issues of the day, as well as the policies of the government., w' L0 I7 v. p6 H

5 P/ I- s7 f. Z& N+ c) D7 Q& HNow in England at the time, people could still be (thrown in jail) for publishing articles that were critical of the king. And that’s what happened to Daniel Defoe, he was the (outspoken) founder of the review. Defoe actually (wrote) the first issue of the review from (prison). You see, he had been (arrested) because of he is writings that (criticized) the policies of the Church of the England, which was <headed> by the king.
  _; S$ E# y+ _ $ w+ @5 t& ~( F) O# L; Z
After his release, Defoe continued to produce the review, and the magazines started to appear on a more frequent (schedule) about three times a week. It didn’t take long for other magazines to start (popping up). In 1709, a magazine called the Tatler began publication. This new magazine contained a mixture of news, (poetry, political analysis and philosophical) <essays>.
/ ?& ^% j; G; C1 c2 }magazine: [ .mægə'zi:n ]6 U  w6 e2 B% \1 m' a
periodical: [ .piəri'ɔdikəl ] 期刊& Y5 o$ w7 G2 @# o, Y
domestic: [ də'mestik ]
6 {: V5 Z, U3 Q, z+ G( bjail: [ dʒeil ] 动名词
# V5 s( `$ o: s监牢
5 \% I* ?8 k7 x+ n: |  Woutspoken: [ aut'spəukən ] 直言不讳的，坦率的；毫无保留的。
) t, a3 X- g# l/ {8 E3 W1 Iprison: [ 'prizn ]0 j5 M3 F# S8 X( r6 {
arrest: [ ə'rest ]
% O4 K! K% N2 j) Z, qcriticize: [ 'kritisaiz ]% t! K; x9 L8 }1 u
schedule: [ 'skedʒjul ]
) M3 E; ~  Q9 k" E! ~pop: [ pɔp ]
$ x+ Y, G) Q$ a1 D4 @poetry: [ 'pəuitri, 'pəuetri ] 诗歌
1 p* B4 c$ j$ X1 Y6 ]1 Q5 ranalysis: [ ə'næləsis ]  K3 x5 {3 G/ A  I8 C+ |& L
philosophical: [ .filə'sɔfikəl ]  哲学的,冷静的
: u4 m. Y& F! |5 i2 Jessay: [ 'esei, 'esi ]
) v, T; q  _5 o( }( Y9 ?& f6 X% M3 h' B8 g% Z- L+ d- v. k3 j0 K
[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-5-28 23:32 编辑 ]

写得非常认真阿，坚持是关键！

谢谢素不相识!我要坚持!+ @3 K2 `, o( M
先补上昨天的
; G& o6 C& n1 |: |第二十二篇（艺术史）:+ p4 l8 Q4 }# {
There’s an art exhibition hero on <campus> which ties in well with the discussion we’re had about the (folk art). It’s (an exhibition) of the wildlife art (calendars) from about a hundred years ago.
* ]0 `0 Y6 u% V% ]+ H " I! ~) W/ o  Y9 j6 h
Like most other folk art the calendar pictures were not considered to be art (in their own day). People just thought of them (as a way of decorating) a practical object. In fact, the calendar pictures were (originally printed) as <advertising> for various companies that made (hunting) or fishing products, like (guns) or fishing (rods). The calendars were (handed) out free to costumers to thank them for their business. Most people just <hung> the calendars on their walls where the pictures (faded) in the sun, and then (tore) the picture off the calendar as each month passed. As a result, collectors today place a lot value on calendars that (are complete) and in good condition. - e4 T. P: u  i* P( B

6 j, _9 l2 j( I1 F) i: PEven though the people used calendars been <regard> them as art, the original paintings (the prints) were made from were often of good quality. In fact, many famous wildlife painters (created calendars art at some point) in their lives. To them it was a way of getting their work (reproduced) and shown around.# T) s0 P7 J% k* c

5 J6 ?9 u' Q0 b! x1 q; C! BOne aspect of the exhibit that I find very interesting is the way these picture (reflect) changing (attitudes) toward wildlife. The pictures in the exhibit often (portray the thrill and adventure of hunting rather than) any particular concern for wildlife <preservation>. But most of today’s wildlife art shows animals in their natural <surroundings>—without any human in the scene. This modern wildlife art appeals to large numbers of natural (lovers), even those who (opposed) the practical of hunting./ x; ^* L. Z, ?6 ?6 p& ]
campus: [ 'kæmpəs ]: Q, k, z5 M! B7 V
calendar: [ 'kæləndə ] 日历,月历,日程表' J; O) N9 m/ j1 J7 d8 G
decorate: [ 'dekəreit ]
1 W) F/ h  `) J/ zadvertise: [ 'ædvətaiz ]  + m: A# {5 I  e5 ^: Y
rod: [ rɔd ]  杆,棒( p$ N/ o9 Z! K! S8 i0 Y& @. f
hung: [ hʌŋ ] hang 的过去式及过去分词: n* w9 q7 C% V- b- c
hang: [ hæŋ ]
* t9 I: Y: k" N0 wfade: [ feid ]
3 L7 _* G3 c5 B' S# rtore: [ tɔ:, tɔə ] tear 的过去式 ; X( S5 h: P0 o1 k
tear: [ tiə ] 动名词
/ \. w  [7 L8 C; s5 c眼泪,撕破 6 H! B! y( |2 }# C9 |
regard: [ ri'gɑ:d ]7 j! r) c! W) }: k( Z7 G7 p" e
reproduce: [ .ri:prə'dju:s ]  4 \1 V3 i! S/ e! B
reflect: [ ri'flekt ]
; p2 g# q+ V% @& X7 U0 Rattitude: [ 'ætitju:d ]9 R. I: Z5 s8 Q
portray: [ pɔ:'trei ]
3 T: O& m4 H! S0 z. o- k. Vthrill: [ θril ] n. 震颤,激动v. 震颤,抖颤,激动
( T# T% m% f5 l8 v, c+ [" R5 Zadventure: [ əd'ventʃə ]
5 F% n1 Y0 v% C' Z6 |preservation: [ .prezə('veiʃən ] # s/ V( T, A- I. \$ x7 V9 _' K
surrounding: