我找的GRE的标准,道理是一样的TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外. s: Q) C0 x0 M4 l( p$ ^
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Independent Intellectual Activity. Essay responses on the Analytical Writing section will be reviewed by ETS essay-similarity-detection software and by experienced essay readers during the scoring process. In light of the high value placed on independent intellectual activity within United States graduate schools and universities, ETS® reserves the right to cancel test scores of any test taker when there is substantial evidence that an essay response includes, but is not limited to, any of the following:
. N5 ?# }5 ]0 o( l, Z: \) u小马过河-新托福专业备考社区1) Text that is similar to that found in one or more other GRE essay responses
) r7 ?5 r+ p1 f6 k& L小马过河-新托福专业备考社区2) Quoting or paraphrasing, without attribution, language that appears in published or unpublished sources
5 ~1 c- C" h# E: ?. S3) Unacknowledged use of work that has been produced through collaboration with others without citation of the contribution of others [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]; S- [, a* s y
4) Essays that are submitted as work of the examinee when the words have, in fact, been borrowed from elsewhere or prepared by another person.
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以上是笔者对ETS政策说明的解释,属于个人观点,仅供参考。接下来,我们可以从独立创作原则的正面角度来讨论如何避免因雷同而被取消成绩。要想避免雷同,考生应从以下几个方面努力:TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外6 W E% I4 k$ Y3 K7 O( J( a% V- y
1 K6 @% c) k) C5 _7 W" k+ R1) 在观点上要具有洞察力,要有自己的原创特色。观点是GRE作文考试的核心内容,考察考生能否对一个issue进行深入分析与思考并最终提出一个有层次的观点。有了原创观点就不用担心雷同。我这样说也许有有点像让快饿死的人去吃肉粥。如果真的要借鉴范文观点,我建议应该尽可能做一些调整,以避免第二个雷区。或者干脆在文中讲明这个思路是借鉴了哪一本参考书的。美国人对真小人比对伪君子要宽容。
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/ _7 W! x" W0 L7 }www.xiaomaguohe.net2) 在语言上可以使用一些范文的句式,但是绝对不能照抄原文,而是要换掉一些关键词。或者如果要借用关键词,则必须使用别的句式。
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3) 在结构上可以采取声东击西的策略,比如把北美范文用在120题的结构和破题策略用在210题上。/ g( S! [' O" d6 D( G& {( |
小马过河-新托福专业备考社区3 x3 ?+ f9 L: v4 B4 U
4) 在例证方面,使用范文用过的例证没有问题,哪怕用那些被判雷同的例证也没问题。例证是人类的共同知识,谁都可以使用,关键是我们不能用和范文作者同样的思路和语言来诠释例证并展开类似的论证。因此,越是耳熟能详的例证如牛顿与苹果树、爱迪生孵蛋,要写出原创的内容就越困难,雷同的危险就越大。