History(11.建筑)
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& R k: e1 l8 r/ _5 h1 { In today’s class, we’ll be examining some 19 century pattern样品, 样本 books, there were used for building houses, I think it’s fair公正地; 清楚地 to say that there be the pattern books was the most important influence影响; 改变on the design of North American houses during the 19 century.
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% R/ _' w" O, [% M$ G% W This was because most people who wanted to built a house couldn’t afford to hire雇请; 出租the architect 建筑学家. Instead they bought a pattern book, pick out a plane and took it to the builder .The difference in coat was substantial实质上的.In 1870 ,for example, hiring an architect would’ve coat about a hundred dollars. At the same time, a pattern book written by an architect, cost only five dollars. At that price, it’s easy to see why pattern books were so popular. Some are back in print印, 印刷again today, and of course they cost a lot more than they did a hundred years ago. But they are an invaluable无价的 resource资源, 办法, 财力for historians历史学家,and also for people who restore恢复old houses ,I hope a modern reprint再版, 重印 here that I’ll be passing around the room in a moment ,so that everyone can have a look./ n3 x2 U" d( s8 P5 c% [
History(12.Women人物), f0 h3 z; k% q2 |, e8 h$ K
8 E9 ^+ U. U) p0 b. e5 k Last week we talked about Anne Bradstreet, and the role角色of women in the colonies殖民地. Today I want to talk about some other women who’ve contribute有助于to American history. Some famous and some not so famous. The first women I’d like to talk about is Molly Pitcher .Those of you who are familiar with the name may know her as a hero of the American Revolution革命. But in fact, there never was a woman named Molly Pitcher . Her real name was actually Mary Ludwig .She got the nickname绰号, 昵称was Molly Pitcher for her acts of bravery勇敢; 华丽; 壮观 during the Revolutionary war. As the story goes when Mary’s or Molly’s husband John Hays ,enlisted应征入伍的in the artillery炮队, 炮兵,Mary followed like many other wives did. She helped out doing washing in cooking for soldiers. She was known to be a pretty unusually woman, she smoked a pipe管; 烟斗and chewed咀嚼; 咀嚼物tobacco烟草, 香烟. Anyway in the summer at 1778 at the Battle搏斗; 作战of Monmouth, it was a blistering愤怒的; 猛烈的hot day, maybe a over hundred degrees and 50 soldiers died of thirst during the battle . Molly wasn’t content to stay back at camp instead she ran through gunshots and cannot fire carrying water in picture from a small stream out to the thirsty American soldiers. The relief that she brought with her pictures of water gave her the legendary nickname Molly Pitcher. The story also say that she continued to load and fire her husband’s cannot after he was wounded . They say she was so well liked by the other soldiers that they call her “Sergeant Molly ’In fact, legend has it that George Washington himself give her the special military title. p; I% a& E( W( C$ V* @7 J
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[ 本帖最后由 达达摩摩 于 2008-6-9 15:23 编辑 ]
