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( A! e$ w. Y. K, Y* q1 e9 j2 `5 |小马过河对话听写训练 1
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* |9 h" \* d, N! g: r小马过河M: How did you like yesterday’s astronomy class?
" ]7 g* D. s' ewww.xiaomaguohe.netW: It was interesting. But the point she was trying to make seemed a little far-fetched.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区9 _. ?) q6 A+ T  J5 R
M: Oh, that new theory that ocean water came from comets?
, \. F  W4 H6 {$ O' BTOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外W: Yeah. Do you remember what it was based on?
8 B2 f5 B4 Z* [4 q7 \) [9 P& jwww.xiaomaguohe.netM: Some recent satellite photos, I think. Apparently, Space satellites recently detected thousands of small comets colliding with earth’s outer atmosphere, almost 40,000 per day. [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]" V% l  A. Z6 W1 F6 k- p
W: Ok, so they collided with atmosphere. So that’s what created the water?TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外  V4 G( [3 s# Q
M: It’s not that the collision created water. Comets contain water. They are made up mostly of cosmic dust and water. When they collide with the atmosphere, they break up. And the water they contain rains down to earth. Ocean water came from that rain.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区. Z7 |7 z. r0 @" e6 M
W: Oh. Well, this morning I asked my geology professor about that. He said that most geologists don’t accept it.
$ D3 r& w( y; }& k! E# T: PM: Why not?
9 j/ q2 T5 X1 E2 P小马过河-新托福专业备考社区W: Well,their research indicates that most of the water molecules from the comet would have burned up as they fell through the atmosphere. Enough rain couldn’t have reached the earth to fill up the ocean.www.xiaomaguohe.net" L+ ^1 K: t' ?& X4 h. W
M: Well, did the geologists have an alternative theory to explain where ocean water came from?
; p* }8 G  f4 `1 Z6 d小马过河-新托福专业备考社区W: Yeah, he said the more traditional view is that the ocean water came from volcanoes./ A5 }6 I1 n, q! L: T$ f
M: From volcanoes?TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外' S* Y$ t7 B7 w
W: Right. They say volcanic fumes are mostly steam. And they claimed that it was the volcanic steam that created the oceans, not rain from comets.
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) O& F% `8 H: V/ q* b4 J- [TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外对话听写训练 2
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M: Hi, Sarah, what’s up?
8 p5 U6 j1 S( f% R: z& f小马过河-新托福专业备考社区W: Oh, hi. I just got out of a history class. I had to give a presentation.
% Y. p6 `9 N/ o! V% g0 P$ Y; j5 ^3 cM: How did it go?TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外/ S) }6 C% r3 k, c. w
W: Terribly. I’m sure I made a fool of myself.
0 K3 d* s9 B) X, W" L: g( G小马过河M: Why? Weren’t you prepared?
5 K7 L4 x" K4 E4 o# z% b6 ~. ]www.xiaomaguohe.netW: No, it’s not that. I just get so embarrassed and nervous whenever I’ve to speak in front of a group TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外! f7 V+ ~3 w; x3 U& {5 H
of people. I stand up and my face gets red and then I get even more nervous because I know TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外: {& i# i4 K. ]6 Y1 \4 s
everyone can see me blushing. [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]/ w: ~3 y- ~) \+ x
M: It is not so bad to blush.
& y0 P! d% t9 f3 k$ @  k, b [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]W: But it happens all the time. If the professor asks a question and I know the answer, I’ll blush like 小马过河-新托福专业备考社区+ Y/ `, Z0 r! l: r' W
crazy if he calls on me. Doesn’t that ever happen to you?
- M# A5 s& A. P+ A# ~M: No, not really. Maybe you should try to forget about the people. Look at something else in the
1 z1 T9 C  \( U0 Y5 J$ t [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]room, like the exit sign.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区( V9 C4 d8 C1 X" p$ _- F9 N
W: I guess I could try that. But I doubt it will help. [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]$ x8 W: B* S2 v, T( F" I! V
M: You know we talked about this in psychology class. Blushing, even though it's involuntary, is
; m4 m1 m; G# y# n小马过河-新托福专业备考社区more or less a learned behavior.
# B7 W; b" Y5 n: WW: What do you mean?
! V. o- }% R& D; v- p/ ?. G7 ]6 r [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]M: Oh, children hardly ever blush at all. And, among adults, supposedly women blush more than 小马过河-新托福专业备考社区3 }: O; g9 X. V& t
men.
' K" r2 c/ N. a* I( Z8 N) e [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]W: I wonder why.小马过河-新托福专业备考社区3 y/ f/ C. P! L, ^0 u, i9 d
M: I don’t know. But I had a friend in high school, Brian Smith. It was really easy to make him blush.
& D* D* n6 K. C9 pHe turned red whenever a waitress would ask him for his order.
0 Y4 w2 d; L) a" }' ]3 ^; _W: I'm not that bad. Well, I’ve got to get going for my next class. I’ll talk to you later. [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]7 V) y9 r; a& U8 }( b7 s, g# N+ T
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: h5 O7 C) g/ i$ o9 j+ d1 p! t小马过河I’m glad to see so many of you here. We’ve become really alarmed over the health center by the number of students we are seeing, who are experiencing hearing loss. First I want to go over some basics about hearing, then we can take a look at our school environment and see if we can figure out some ways to protect hearing. The leading cause of preventable hearing loss is excessive noise. Too much moderate noise for a long time, or some types of intense noise for even a short time can damage hearing. Loudness is measured in units called decibels. One decibel is the lowest sound that the average person can hear. Sounds up to 80 decibels generally aren’t harmful, that’s noise like traffic on a busy street. But anything louder than 80 decibels, esp. with continuous exposure, may eventually hurt your hearing. Once you’re up to around 140 decibels, that’s like a jet plane taking off, then you might even feel pain in your ears. And pains are sure sign that your hearing is at risk. Even one exposure to a really loud noise at close range can cause hearing loss. So what you need to do is limit your exposure to harmful levels. If you pass along this hand-out, we can take a look at the decibel level of some common campus sounds. Notice how loud those horns are that people take to football games. They are really dangerous if blown right behind you. Now, let’s try to generate a list of damaging noises.TOEFL,IBT,托福,新托福,机经,小马过河,留学,美国,海外  v2 [$ l. B# d3 f. E8 Z
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9 p: H  D% S- u+ d小马过河演讲听写训练 2
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Continuing our survey of the 19th century, let’s take a look now at Harriet Beecher Stowe. Now Stowe is best known for her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a book that details the harshness of plantation life in the south. The book was extremely popular in the United States as well as in other countries. Ironically though, for the attention given to Uncle Tom’s Cabin, it is far from Stowe’s best work. She did write one other novel about life in the south. But much of her best work has nothing to do with the south at all. In fact, Stowe’s best writing is about village life in the New England states in the 19th century. In recording the customs of the villages she wrote about, Stowe claimed that her purpose was to reflect the images as realistically as possible. She usually succeeded, for her settings were often described actually and in detail. In this sense, she was an important forerunner to the realistic movement that became popular later in the 19th century. She was one of the first writers to use local dialect for her characters when they spoke. And she did this for thirty years before Mark Twain popularized the use of local dialect. It makes sense that Stowe would write about New England life, since she was born in Connecticut. As a young woman there, she worked as a teacher. The teaching job helped lead to her first published work, a geography book for children. Later, when she was married, her writing helped to support her family financially. Throughout her life, she wrote poems, travel books, biographical sketches and children’s books as well as novels for adults.
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# t5 h# G8 a! D- e. B9 q. J [小马过河-新托福专业备考社区]演讲听写训练 3
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Where did the term Piggy Bank come from? Today the simple piggy bank is seen everywhere as the symbol of saving and frugality, for putting away funds for a rainy day, or building a nest egg for life’s sudden money needs, such as paying college expenses, buying a home, or financing retirement. But why a pig? Dogs bury bones for a rainy day. Why not a dog shaped bank for coins? Squirrels are well known hoarders too and we talk about squirreling away valuables. Why not a bank in the shape of a squirrel? Well nevertheless, for 300 years, children’s banks have been imitation pigs with slots in the back. Charles Bernardy, the author of Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things, tells how the symbol came about by coincidence. According to Bernardy, during the middle ages, mined metal was scarce and expensive, therefore was rarely used in the manufacture of household utensils. The type of orange clay, known of pygg, spelt p-y-g-g, was more abundant and economical throughout western Europe. It was used in making dishes, cups, pots and jars. And so these earthenware items were referred to as pygg. Frugal people saved cash in kitchen pots and jars. Although a pygg jar was not originally shaped like a pig, the name persisted. However by the 18th century, pygg, p-y-g-g jar became pig, p-i-g jar or pig bank. Potters had simply begun to cast the bank in the shape of its common name. In the United States, the popular piggy bank has always been a symbol of saving money.

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