14个敏感专业
1. CONVENTIONAL MUNITIONS: - U( J8 Y3 Y! v1 x
$ q5 O" f$ i/ MTechnologies associated with 2 w/ ?$ \1 E& U3 W8 b V6 \
warhead and other large caliber projectiles, reactive armor and
/ k: B' o2 J( S' m: r* H" Z; t6 _ warhead defeat systems, fusing, and arming systems.
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4 H# o1 N1 i# Q3 {( e2. NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY: " {; m' u ?2 e3 X
3 q5 F! V, d/ |+ ~This section covers technologies
9 P3 p X' ~2 l: |/ l7 J associated with the production and use of nuclear material for both
5 ?1 H7 i: J9 O# V' w8 j peaceful and military applications. Included are technologies for " b2 T- [2 K8 L) W+ C; e. C! n
enrichment of fissile material, for reprocessing irradiated nuclear ) W |3 `- R) A. C
fuel to recover produced platinum, production of heavy water for
& k$ B0 J" `% a: ~8 b: H9 k1 H moderator material, plutonium and tritium handling, as well as 5 l) k6 @" X4 \
certain associated technologies related to high energy physics. It ) I* B1 r, S. `) p$ P1 R
includes research and poser reactors, breeder and production ) t8 Q& C2 z) \
reactors, fissile or special nuclear materials; uranium enrichment,
7 O& }1 D2 {+ |* q' @# a including gaseous diffusion, centrifuge, aerodynamics, chemical,
' K( q* T o: E8 E4 B4 R7 E electromagnetic isotopic separation (EMIS) laser, isotopic 1 I9 `1 d" h! L5 @) y
separation (LIS); spent fuel reprocessing, plutonium, mixed oxide
2 ]: g3 T- h6 T B) n) X/ g9 a* a" U nuclear research, inertial confinement fusion (ICF), magnetic # U* ]9 q8 S( A3 k
confinement fusion, plasma, nuclear fuel fabrication including
* L; i. t7 l a4 A mixed oxide (uranium-plutonium) fuels (MOX), heavy water
9 P8 X# J# l. v; v( \ production, tritium production and sue, electromagnetic pulse ) `( Z2 I" C( e) z% f3 P$ r; _- O; u
(EMP); hardening technology.
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/ ]8 U0 H! H6 @0 u9 E+ Q" J3. MISSILE/MISSILE TECHNOLOGY: ' a" P; }* q/ b
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Technologies associated % X6 Q8 k1 D' I6 ]; z% k7 s
with air vehicles and unnned [?] missile systems. The technology 2 J5 j$ D4 i! T6 c7 v3 n6 o8 ?
needed to develop a satellite launch vehicle is virtually identical to : A5 w5 T$ K# {* `& d
that needed to build a ballistic missile. Technologies include
# \6 l7 K' p* h2 s6 c% |" `, F, A rocket systems, ballistic missiles, space launch vehicles and . U) H( V- E6 Y5 |$ o" O4 F
sounding rockets and unmanned air equipment and reentry vehicles.
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4. AIRCRAFT AND MISSILE PROPULSION AND VEHICULAR 2 v/ ]1 W! l) o: G4 `; W5 R
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# i {1 x b6 o" ?' Q SYSTEMS: The propulsion technologies included are associated
% n' j( h; q7 a+ ` with near-earth super and hypersonic flight propulsion systems for V- l# W3 j$ }4 f6 r. B
aircraft and missiles. Many of these technologies are dual use.
+ ~! E1 m. O6 }1 s( Z Technologies include liquid and solid rocket propulsion systems;
8 J& G3 r+ W; x; L6 J4 G( |2 a missile propulsion and systems integration; individual rocket states : ~, Z+ V9 O6 L; Y6 o
or staging/separation mechanism; aerospace thermal and high- ( m1 `2 u4 r! E% I9 q
performance structures; propulsion systems test facilities.
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5. NAVIGATION AND GUIDANCE CONTROL:
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These capabilities
) Z/ o4 V) @- N9 v3 g directly determine the delivery accuracy and lethality of both
) O$ D" Z9 u2 X' _* p, Z/ B6 d' [ unguided and guided weapons. The long-term costs to design,
% }! M* d( t8 U build and apply these technologies have been a limiting proliferation 7 v5 n9 t7 k1 ~8 h0 e! h
factor. Technologies include those associated with internal
5 ~) A* f6 T' u% Y9 k navigation systems, tracking and terminal homing devices; 0 U! b6 a/ d/ y+ k
accelerometers, vehicle and flight control systems.
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8 Y# u$ e/ ^+ W0 a+ @6. CHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING: & L( X1 ~0 {! @0 m
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Of
1 r! R1 F" H( H& @ specific concern is the ability to develop, produce, and disseminate " w* t1 K- V( c, z+ E7 Z8 k
toxic chemicals, biological and toxin agents. The technologies
$ x0 E: ]6 v h2 W2 b that could be applied to produce chemical and biological agents # D# d! {, R# z6 w( ^, o$ [, _. Y
are used widely by civilian research laboratories and industry; 7 {+ V1 V9 H: t @7 V! s; v
these technologies are relatively common in many countries.
% u* W% q; u7 y3 I" a$ ]% l3 |) w Advanced biotechnology has the potential to support biological + l/ V* _9 x( o/ ^3 x8 L2 u* L' c
weapons research. Look for technologies associated with # D: B6 d" ]8 B# H/ Q1 V
bacteriology (especially pathogenic), mutagens, mycology,
6 t( f4 J) [" z/ h( l neurotoxins, reconbiant technology, toxins, venoms, virology,
5 p/ o( S4 R% I* h. C precursor chemicals, toxicological research, chemical production equipment.
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# N ~/ ^4 F: @- m1 F7 C1 v7. REMOTE IMAGING AND RECONNAISSANCE:
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! I6 L7 D6 e. f7 `/ DRemote sensing
: a9 O: u5 y4 f8 n; P9 l) U: V technologies are inherently dual-use; technologies can be used for
7 \/ q: N! Y% ]4 h civilian imagery projects or for military reconnaissance efforts. # K7 S- t/ q _8 D& H5 ~
Drones and remotely piloted vehicles enhance reconnaissance
9 p- K. x2 }8 N abilities. These are technologies associated with remote sensing - ~0 ~ c7 Y$ ?
satellites; imagery systems; high resolution cameras and optics; ' x1 W' l( w. P4 P% P' D
unnned [?] air vehicles; remotely-piloted vehicles, drones. ; b9 l& ?, s9 Z' t4 j# a5 y
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8. ADVANCED COMPUTER/MICROELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY: $ Z6 U" I9 q4 g" U+ v7 y
& j; t. |6 m- R- V. ?. y# O: w Advance computers and software play a useful (but not necessarily
: K, t" D2 e9 _ critical) role in the development and deployment of missiles and 2 q4 L* W/ s) \6 y# m
missile systems, and in the development and production of nuclear ( u* Q& g; `! N- z% g) Q& D( H
weapons. Advance computer capabilities are also used in over-the-
5 N5 g. a- f4 p, Z" j9 t3 t horizon targeting, airborne early warning targeting, electronic
) p# ^& U/ k3 V, K y. {& I countermeasures (ECM) processors. These technologies are
( J7 V$ K; |3 ], L8 l7 b associated with supercomputing, hybrid computing; speech 3 Z+ L1 o4 E1 |8 T- g
processing/recognition systems; neural networks; data fusion; 4 m/ _7 u& U& e8 j/ H) k
quantum wells, resonant tunneling; superconductivity; advance # \. M- s2 P" A$ U' l4 `- w
optoeletronics, acoustic wave devices, superconducting electron
$ M/ e9 F. P4 z/ B) V; E devices, flash discharge type x-ray systems; frequency
, a8 f( B9 F7 j# G5 t& _ synthesizers; microcomputer compensated crystal oscillators. ; B4 x4 S3 U2 h/ s! d% I4 I; [
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9. MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY: ( S+ S+ w. s4 O. Q
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The metallic, ceramic, and 7 X7 Z! B9 U. D- }1 Y/ Q" F* f
composite materials are primarily related to structural functions in
& M, w( l0 e0 O2 ` aircraft, spacecraft, missiles, undersea vehicles, and propulsion : d$ P' i3 h4 }. s5 k
devices. Polymers provide seals and sealants for containment of ! K. s* \9 H0 g( j! |
identified fluids and lubricants for various vehicles and devices. , @2 ]. r' e5 M6 \
Selected specialty materials provide critical capabilities that exploit - ~- P1 L3 M2 J: F
electromagnetic absorption, magnetic, or superconductivity
- _- G9 Q) e/ G; L characteristics.. These technologies are associated with advance : r* i+ w% F5 h3 _5 e. v7 j9 W
metals and alloys; non-composite ceramic materials, ceramic, ! C* s/ a6 k) M0 ^5 l
cermet, organic and carbon materials; polymeric materials;
. _% `+ f4 r3 J v& B9 L synthetic fluids; hot isostatic densifications; intermetallic;
- F% i1 v! l, Y5 d2 c organometals; liquid and solid lubricant; magnetic metals and
! x) Y$ m7 t1 l0 o* ?: v superconductive conductors.
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\4 h: _9 Y) ^" q& M& C6 `10. INFORMATION SECURITY:
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; X, I/ n5 ~6 o4 y% H0 M+ O0 T1 \Technologies associated with ; j/ G# s4 |3 D; W) Y
cryptography and cryptographic systems to ensure secrecy for
5 ]6 ?5 L; S. a' v+ F communications, video, data and related software.
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& \& x [1 o! A. ]; E/ S7 E2 {11. LASERS AND DIRECTED ENERGY SYSTEMS , a7 n! x8 P' W% O
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" ^9 M9 Z2 i0 _, Y- G! q5 `( V TECHNOLOGY: Lasers have critical military applications,
/ I( p' [; V( f( @6 K- `" _) A including incorporation in guided ordnance such as laser guided
5 X0 n& B5 [- b0 [( S! Q( Z bombs and ranging devices. Directed energy technologies are & M3 ?: s8 e2 J! J
used to generate electromagnetic radiation or particle beams and / t! }/ _2 l0 ^, p& z/ e$ J6 u z
to project that energy on a specific target. Kinetic energy % `/ R$ O! [& B8 }) u! W
technologies are those used to impart a high velocity to a mass , e2 Y7 A( I! [" h2 h
and direct it to a target. Directed energy and kinetic energy
+ W7 K- k- x8 O: j% [6 m! l9 T technologies have potential utility in countering missiles and other 0 f' q g$ b, u% ~
applications. Look for technologies associated with atomic vapor $ z+ F% J) D7 P$ B
laser isotope separation (AVLIS), molecular laser isotope : Z+ w$ P5 u9 {6 a# }2 }7 F# `- g
separation (MLIS); high energy lasers (HEL), low energy lasers + `! Y3 c/ V' O- }
(LEL), semiconductor lasers, free electron lasers , directed energy ) w- a* e* W+ J: \6 O
(DE), kinetic energy (KE) systems, particle beam, beam rider, , t8 n0 {1 N- n
electromagnetic guns, optoelectronics, optical tracking, high 6 O# e- e; B! R; E
energy density, high-speed pulse generation, pulsed power,
& X" N. e+ {! z7 Z4 P: q. w hypersonic/hypervelocity, magnetohydronynamics.
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. @5 m( ]) v. ^1 e+ j8 T12. SENSORS AND SENSOR TECHNOLOGY: 2 a! K* ^% P1 y8 {
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Sensors provide ( R' l& j! S5 r
real-time information and data; the side with superior sensors has a / G2 y8 v! H6 d7 |$ I' n
considerable advantage. Marina acoustics is critical in anti- & i! x4 b( a5 M3 V' b
submarine warfare; gravity meters are essential for missile launch h$ T: _ P6 X: I8 K4 g. |
calibration. Look for technologies associated with marine . ~2 x1 a+ O7 a: F& l9 [
acoustics, optical sensors, night-visions devices, image $ }, \4 S$ H8 b
intensification devices; gravity meters; high speed photographic
7 W9 P: ?3 |1 F/ n equipment; magnetometers.
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5 E, @" ]- K2 x$ C$ e13. MARINE TECHNOLOGY: % F0 m! r6 G- D. x( ]5 T' K
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Marine technologies are often
9 l5 z: O) W! p" u# l3 o7 a associated with submarines and other deep submersible vessels;
: P9 v# o7 P. o' |" h) v propulsion systems designed for undersea use and navigation and . d. R- _7 w9 i6 [: j% u1 D9 ^2 T
quieting systems are associated with reducing detectability and
7 w" p! B6 H* n- Y, I enhancing operations survivability. Look for technologies
e" S/ A; g9 h# D connected with submarines and submersibles, undersea robots,
1 J; c3 n) e6 n6 @$ | marine propulsion systems; signature recognition; acoustic and * t: o0 a" m( @' f- `6 u
non-acoustic detection; acoustic, ware, radar and magnetic . ~3 H) s$ Z& j- {& L9 b
signature reduction, magnetohydrodynamics; stirring engines. 0 z7 `) b2 i2 r2 z! m9 }
" Z5 P7 k6 k4 s14. ROBOTICS: " w& g* F; V% ^
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Technologies associated with artificial % d6 Q1 M! f' y2 z
intelligence, automation, computer-controlled machine tools;
3 a8 ?6 I% ^7 B9 l pattern recognition technologies.
