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9 M) \" X" g" Z3 Z" v& V( r: N1 ]M: What’s up Marcy? U seemed in a good moon today.: _/ m+ S2 R, }) v- ?
W: I guess I am. It’s the new printer I just bought for my computer.
3 s" w. }1 k# ]8 j* q2 x0 GM: Hey, that’s terrific., D6 H* m/ }" U$ j3 \( I" |
W: Thanks. It’s good I can charge it to my credit card though. if I’d had to come up with that much cash on the spot, I just wouldn’t be able to afford it.$ m l# G, e8 F: J+ H
M: U know, I’m doing a term paper on that for my economic seminar. I read that a lot of people in the world would be able to support themselves and their families much better if they could start up their own businesses. But usually the bank [won’t]/don’t lend them money they [need to] got to start it. Often, if you don’t [already] have property or other asserts, they won’t give you even the smallest loan.6 }5 A6 B6 I% t! k( y7 S
W: That doesn’t seem fair. - @1 V1 o3 A7 j5 M0 G% t c
M: Exactly. But now [there are] something is known as micro-credit. That’s what [they]/we call very small loans that enable people to go into business for themselves. In Southern Asia micro-credit programs were set up to lend [to] people that regular banks [wouldn’t] even wouldn’t look at., Q0 H7 Q# A3 }8 A
W: And the borrower was used the money？# I1 ~7 o3 [0 `5 ]) X0 E, W
M: To buy tools and materials for producing cloth or food or whatever that they can sell to make [a little] money [to] feed their families and also start to pay back the loan, and then they can borrow a little more and make a little more profit. And …
* k! Q# b# j- M! y, U4 y. RW: And the lenders just get their money back?: Y0 U8 w! f" }4 ?
M: With interest. It’s been so successful that now micro-credit lending is spreading to other parts of the world too, even to North America. That’s what my paper will be about.4 p+ W$ l- f" @* P
W: Say, do u need someone to type it for u? My rates are reasonable, and it’ll look really nice when I print it out. ; Y( _9 P/ S2 u' }7 o
M: On your new printer? Hey, how could I say no .
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M: I think I’ve finally decided what to write my paper about. It’s a new museum right near the Capitol building in Washington D.C.
! x4 |( z8 U! L2 I, _' eW: Really? I picked a museum too, a science museum up in Alberta, Canada. They look sort of like spaceship.1 y7 d. Y$ {* F: x f' d5 x! p" h/ }
M: Say I read about that. It was built about 20 years ago, I think by the same architect who designed the same building I’m interested in. Douglas Cardinal. : @5 c8 @$ O* G
W: That’s him! But I can’t image Cardinal designing anything in the traditional classical style of the Capitol.
, i7 n$ u$ j' |( kM: Well this new structure has to fit in with the architecture of the Capitol, but its style is anything but traditional. I don’t mean that it’s one of those big glass boxes they call modern architecture though. Instead of rectangles and straight lines,
$ A0 a* S8 S3 i. j5 d( D+ \" fthis building has rounded free form shapes and sweeping curves. It supposes to represent the natural forms like the Kanien/[Carnian ?] cliffs in the western states, rock formations that were shaped by [the] water and the wind." a' u6 l* u) {0 }
W: Sounds fantastic. But I wonder why that sort of style would be chosen for a building in Washington D.C.
* C' c% {, ?! q- g( |5 o" v& v! {/ `M: That’s easy. This place is called the National Museum of American Indian. And it’s devoted to exhibits of Native American cultures, including those of the west. And for cardinal this is his own family heritage too. And in designing this museum he was careful to respect the various Native American values and traditions, like paying attentions to the directions of [the wind]/winds and the position of the sun in different seasons of the year.3 m* a6 v v. G7 Y3 u5 x
W: Wow, an untraditional building, designed to show case some of [the] North American’s oldest traditions. Interesting!, M- c6 v# K0 b( T9 A% @7 Y
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" Q' q8 M/ w& P7 ^! pToday let’s consider the neutrino and resolves of some experiments down in the 1995 at the Los Alamos national laboratory in New Mexico, which bear on the neutrino. These resolves suggest that this little particle does indeed have mass [.I]/that tiny bet to be sure but measurable by the very sensitive instruments of that lab./ w( V5 M- `/ r1 K
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The neutrino’s origin has always been interesting case, through a case [not an]/that is unusual in the history of physics. As you know, ordinarily scientific observation presages scientific theory. Ocean tides were observed, ocean tides were explained; gravity is observed, gravity is explained. However, let’s consider what happened in the neutrino’s case. When the neutrino was proposed over sixty years ago, it was a convenient fiction. Scientists had not observed such a particle not even as a fact. So what let them to conceive of this imaginary object? They had been writing equations about neutron decay in which the energy amounts on each side of their equations [were]/are unequal. In order to keep this energy amounts the same on both sides of the equations, they added little particle named neutrino and gave it precisely enough energy to balance the equations and the loan be hold years later. About thirty-five years ago real neutrinos were found.
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2 z0 E- [+ \$ K& u2 D9 F2 T$ ZNow we have the more recent developments. Originally, the neutrino was thought not have any mass at all. But Los Alamos experiments seem to disprove this premise. They indicated that neutrinos do have mass—about one-millionth the mass of electron.: V+ j) ^ I, p# O" N4 g
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The forests of New England constituted both are resources and barrier for the first British settlers who reach these shores. In addition to the maples, firs, oaks and birches were white pines whose scientific name is Pinus strobes. These white pines were straight and tall, perfect for uses as masts on the sailing ships of the time. Britain had used up its supply of mast trees, [and so was]/so is eager for this product of its young colony. By the first load of this masts reached Britain in 1634 and Britain was marveled the size of the trees, which had diameters of up to 4 feet at the wide end. For every yard of mast height, the body end needed to be one inch in diameter. In1705, British passed a law stating that all white pines over 24 inches at the body end were reserved for the use of king’s navy. Such trees were marked by blazing the king’s arrow symbol on the tree with three cuts of the [hedger?]/... . These trees were selected by the surveyor general, [whose]/who’s work often met with resistances [from the]/of colonists.
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Now the Australia jumping spider as you can image got its name for its ability to leap. But it can swim too. What’s most interesting though is its ability to use try and alter tactics when solving problems. 9 X- p7 K3 d/ d9 Z; j+ J
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Now the jumping spider attacks and eats other spiders. It’ll sit at the edge of another spider's web and attract the spider by tapping out different signals to mimic the struggles of a trapped insect and later keep changing the signals till successfully lured its prey out. Well, to see if the jumping spider could apply the same problem solving technique try and alter to unfamiliar situations, scientists conducted an experiment. They field a trap full of water and then put some sand in the middle, like an island. In between the island and the edge of the trap, they put a rock. When they put the spider on the island, some tried jumping to the rock, and some tried swimming. All the spiders that successfully reached the rock either by jumping or by swimming use the same method to make it from the rock to the edge of the tree. If the spider failed to reach the rock, it was placed back on the island, but the next time they try to leave, [the spider]/spiders did opposite of whatever didn’t work the first time. Leaping if it had swam, or swimming if it had leaped. So we see the spiders using the same try and [?]/alter in crossing the water as they used in hunting.
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[ 本帖最后由 慢慢 于 2008-1-25 12:03 编辑 ]
