最近没怎么上网，怕在网上闲逛，所以就没来汇报。。。
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I hope you've all finished reading the assigned chapter on insurance-so that you're prepared for our discussion today. But, before we start, I'd like to mention a few things your text doesn't go into., l/ \; N" C* V2 P. s
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It's interesting to note that insurance has existed in some form for a very long time. The earliest insurance policies were called bottomry contracts. They provided shipping protection for merchants as far back as 3000 B.C.* T [$ k" C ]. V9 y2 B3 Z
1 W c) I, a4 H5 ^9 @+ M2 a {5 {* |In general, the contracts were often no more than verbal agreements. They granted loans to merchants with the understanding than if a particular shipment of goods was lost at sea, the loan didn't have to be repaid. Interest on the loans varied according to how risky it was to transport the goods. During periods of heavy piracy at sea, for example, the amount of interest and the cost of the policy went up considerably.
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# t, c/ @) g" u3 f0 N2 dSo, you can see how insurance helped encourage international trade. Even the most cautious merchants became willing to risk shipping their goods over long distances-not to mention in hazardous weather conditions-when they had this kind of protection available. - ~4 s! u/ s3 I: K5 u& W, N) m
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Generally speaking, the basic form of an insurance policy has been pretty much the same since the Middle Ages. There are four points that were salient then and remain paramount in all policies today. There were outlined in chapter six and will serve as the basis for the rest of the of today's discussion. Can anyone tell me what one of those points might be?. L. L7 F- Y/ B& H! F# E. q
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2 b' l& W7 u% g3.21 学校作实验，并且在组织写论文，晚上没去自习，什么都没做...打我吧！ m/ w8 S9 P9 s2 D. w
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3.22 同学生日，那一天都在过生日，结果回来喝的大醉，第二天也什么都没做。。该打！！5 T1 T1 s7 _5 e& a$ o9 o% ~+ T
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Located at the NASA Research Center in Iowa is a 5,000-gallon vat of water, and inside the tank is an underwater treadmill designed by Dava Newman, an aerospace engineer. For four years Newman observed scuba divers as they simulated walking on the Moon and on Mars on her underwater moving belt. She wanted to discover how the gravity of the Moon and of Mars would affect human movement.
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# Q! }; o% G# F1 [) U* ^To do this, Newman attached weights to the divers and then lowered them into the tank and onto the treadmill. These weights were carefully adjusted so that the divers could experience underwater the gravity of the Moon and of Mars as they walked on the treadmill. Newman concluded that walking on Mars will probably be easier than walking on the Moon. The Moon has less gravity than Mars does, so at lunar gravity, the divers struggled to keep their balance and walked awkwardly. But at Martian gravity, the divers had greater traction and stability and could easily adjust to a pace of 1.5 miles per hour. As Newman gradually increased the speed of the treadmill, the divers took longer, graceful strides until they comfortably settled into an even quicker pace. Newman also noted that at Martian gravity, the divers needed less oxygen. u: T. e" D* f! v! d% P
L: W U* A+ h7 g. R2 E% AThe data Newman collected will help in the future design of Martian space suits. Compared to lunar space suits, Martian space suits will require smaller air tanks; and, to allow for freer movement, the elbow and knee areas of the space suits will also be altered.( ~* s+ r6 P8 R" B
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[ 本帖最后由 kryan 于 2008-3-25 13:53 编辑 ]
